Part 16 (2/2)

”Observe then,” said he, ”what I wish to prove. It is this--that it appears not only that these contraries do not admit each other, but that even such things as are not contrary to each other, and yet always possess contraries, do not appear to admit that idea which is contrary to the idea that exists in themselves, but, when it approaches, perish or depart. Shall we not allow that the number three would first perish, and suffer any thing whatever, rather than endure, while it is still three, to become even?”

”Most certainly,” said Cebes.

”And yet,” said he, ”the number two is not contrary to three.”

”Surely not.”

”Not only, then, do ideas that are contrary never allow the approach of each other, but some other things also do not allow the approach of contraries.”

”You say very truly,” he replied.

”Do you wish, then,” he said, ”that, if we are able, we should define what these things are?”

”Certainly.”

”Would they not then, Cebes,” he said, ”be such things as, whatever they occupy, compel that thing not only to retain its own idea, but also that of something which is always a contrary?”

”How do you mean?”

123. ”As we just now said. For you know, surely, that whatever things the idea of three occupies must of necessity not only be three, but also odd?”

”Certainly.”

”To such a thing, then, we a.s.sert, that the idea contrary to that form which const.i.tutes this can never come.”

”It can not.”

”But did the odd make it so?”

”Yes.”

”And is the contrary to this the idea of the even?”

”Yes.”

”The idea of the even, then, will never come to the three?”

”No, surely.”

”Three, then, has no part in the even?”

”None whatever.”

”The number three is uneven?”

”Yes.”

”What, therefore, I said should be defined--namely, what things they are which, though not contrary to some particular thing, yet do not admit of the contrary itself; as, in the present instance, the number three, though not contrary to the even, does not any the more admit it, for it always brings the contrary with it, just as the number two does to the odd, fire to cold, and many other particulars. Consider, then, whether you would thus define, not only that a contrary does not admit a contrary, but also that that which brings with it a contrary to that to which it approaches will never admit the contrary of that which it brings with it. 124. But call it to mind again, for it will not be useless to hear it often repeated. Five will not admit the idea of the even, nor ten, its double, that of the odd. This double, then, though it is itself contrary to something else,[38] yet will not admit the idea of the odd, nor will half as much again, nor other things of the kind, such as the half and the third part, admit the idea of the whole, if you follow me, and agree with me that it is so.”

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