Volume II Part 25 (2/2)
Between that date and December 9, 900 cavalry and 1000 infantry were sent to Nottingham; and, on January 8, 1812, these forces were increased by two additional regiments. The rioters a.s.sumed the name of Luddites, and their leader was known as General Lud. The name is said to have originated in 1779, in a Leicesters.h.i.+re village, where a half-witted lad, named Ned Lud, broke a stocking-frame in a fit of pa.s.sion; hence the common saying, when machinery was broken, that ”Ned Lud” did it. A Bill was introduced in the House of Commons (February 14) increasing the severity of punishments for frame-breaking. On the second reading (February 17) Sir Samuel Romilly strongly opposed the measure, which pa.s.sed its third reading (February 20) without a division. The Bill, as introduced into the Upper House by Lord Liverpool,
(1) rendered the offence of frame-breaking punishable by death; and (2) compelled persons in whose houses the frames were broken to give information to the magistrates.
On the second reading of the Bill (February 27, 1812), Byron spoke against it in his first speech in the House of Lords (see Appendix II.
(i)). The Bill pa.s.sed its third reading on March 5, and became law as 52 Geo. III. c. 16. Byron did not confine his opposition to a speech in the House of Lords. He also addressed ”An Ode to the Framers of the Frame Bill,” which appeared in the 'Morning Chronicle' on Monday, March 2, 1812. The following letter to Perry, the editor, is published by permission of Messrs. Ellis and Elvey, in whose possession is the original:
”Sir,--I take the liberty of sending an alteration of the two last lines of Stanza 2'd which I wish to run as follows,
”'Gibbets on Sherwood will _heighten_ the Scenery Shewing how Commerce, _how_ Liberty thrives!'
”I wish you could insert it tomorrow for a particular reason; but I feel much obliged by your inserting it at all. Of course, do not put _my name_ to the thing. Believe me, Your obliged and very obed't Serv't, BYRON.
”8, St. James Street, Sunday, March 1st, 1812.”]
223.--To Master John Cowell. [1]
8, St. James's Street, February 12, 1812.
MY DEAR JOHN,--You have probably long ago forgotten the writer of these lines, who would, perhaps, be unable to recognize _yourself_, from the difference which must naturally have taken place in your stature and appearance since he saw you last. I have been rambling through Portugal, Spain, Greece, etc., etc., for some years, and have found so many changes on my return, that it would be very unfair not to expect that you should have had your share of alteration and improvement with the rest. I write to request a favour of you: a little boy of eleven years, the son of Mr. **, my particular friend, is about to become an Etonian, and I should esteem any act of protection or kindness to him as an obligation to myself: let me beg of you then to take some little notice of him at first, till he is able to s.h.i.+ft for himself.
I was happy to hear a very favourable account of you from a schoolfellow a few weeks ago, and should be glad to learn that your family are as well as I wish them to be. I presume you are in the upper school;--as an _Etonian_, you will look down upon a _Harrow_ man; but I never, even in my boyish days, disputed your superiority, which I once experienced in a cricket match, where I had the honour of making one of eleven, who were beaten to their hearts' content by your college in _one innings_. [2]
Believe me to be, with great truth, etc., etc.,
B.
[Footnote 1:
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