Part 29 (1/2)

Twelve days after his State of the Union: JFKL, NSF, N. S. Khrushchev speech, Thompson telegrams, Buildup to 02/11/1961 meeting, and Preparation for Thompson trip to Moscow, Box 176.

The long-awaited meeting: Sidey, JFK, 164; Sorensen, Kennedy, 164, 542; JFKL, NSF, Notes on Discussion, February 11, 1961, Countries Series, USSR, Top Secret, aThe Thinking of the Soviet Leaders.h.i.+p,a Cabinet Room; Bundy drafted.

At age fifty-six, Thompson: David Mayers, aAfter Stalin: The Amba.s.sadors and Americaas Soviet Policy, 1953a”1962,a Diplomacy and Statecraft, 5, no. 2 (July 1994), 213a”247; David Mayers, The Amba.s.sadors and Americaas Soviet Policy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995, 201.

He agreed with Khrushchevas view: Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era, 399.

aWe have refused these overturesa: DNSA, Relations.h.i.+p of Berlin Problem to Future of Germany and Overall Relations with Soviet Union, Secret, Cable, 1773, March 9, 1959.

aHe is the most pragmatica: JFKL, Memcon, February 11, 1961; JFKL, Kennan, Bohlen, Thompson OHs; JFKL, Thompsona”DFR, February 13, 1961, BOX 176, Doc.u.ments for Thompson Telegrams; Beschloss, Crisis Years, 69.

Pointing to Khrushchevas Kremlin opposition: FRUS, 1961a”1963, vol. V, Soviet Union, Doc. 20.

He said the Soviets were adeeply concerneda: JFKL, Thompsona”Rusk, February 4, 1961, also in Decla.s.sified Doc.u.ments, 1977/74B; Marc Trachtenberg, History and Strategy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991, 172.

Thompson said Khrushchev would be influenced: JFKL, Thompsona”Rusk, February 4, 1961, also in Decla.s.sified Doc.u.ments, 1977/74B; Beschloss, Crisis Years, 175.

Walter Dowling, the U.S. amba.s.sador: Department of State, Telegram 1218 from Bonn, Central Files, 762.00/2-861, also in Decla.s.sified Doc.u.ments, 1977/74C.

aI am sure we would erra: FRUS, 1961a”1963, vol. V, Soviet Union, Doc. 20.

The February 11 meeting: JFKL, Charles Bohlen OH, May 21, 1964; FRUS, 1961a”1963, vol. V, Soviet Union, Doc. 26, Notes on Discussion, drafted by Bundy, aThe Thinking of the Soviet Leaders.h.i.+p,a Cabinet Room, February 11, 1961; Dallek, An Unfinished Life, 342, 546.

The men arrayed before him: Beschloss, Crisis Years, 68a”70; JFKL, Memcon, February 11, 1961; JFKL, Kennan, Bohlen, Thompson OHs; JFKL, Thompsona”DFR, February 13, 1961; New York Times, 02/10/1961, 02/12/1961, 02/19/1961; Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, 303a”306; Sorensen, Kennedy, 510, 541a”542.

Thompson argued that the U.S. ahope for the futurea: JFKL, NSF, Notes on Discussion, February 11, 1961, Countries Series, USSR, Top Secret, aThe Thinking of the Soviet Leaders.h.i.+p,a Cabinet Room; Bundy drafted; FRUS, 1961a”1963, vol. V, Soviet Union, Doc. 26.

Bohlen opposed Khrushchevas suggestion: FRUS, 1961a”1963, vol. V, Soviet Union, Doc. 26.

As he had told his aide: Kenneth P. OaDonnell and David F. Powers, with Joe McCarthy, aJohnny, We Hardly Knew Yea: Memories of John Fitzgerald Kennedy. Boston: Little, Brown, 1972, 286.

Beyond that, other countries: Sidey, JFK, 164.

aIt is my duty to make decisionsa: Sorensen, Kennedy, 542a”543.

On February 27, Bundy instructed: DNSA, Crisis over Berlin, February 27, 1961, vol. 7.

But by the time Thompson phoned: Beschloss, Crisis Years, 80.

Khrushchev delivered a speech: New York Times, 03/07/1961.

5. ULBRICHT AND ADENAUER: UNRULY ALLIANCES.

aWhatever elections showa: John F. Kennedy, aA Democrat Looks at Foreign Policy,a Foreign Affairs, 36, no. 1 (October 1957), 49.

aWest Berlin is experiencing a growtha: SAPMO-BArch, ZPA, J IV 2/2/743. aStichwort Protokoll der Beratung des Politbros am 4. Januar 1961 ber aDie Gegenwrtige Lage und die Hauptaufgaben 1961,aa Politbro, aReinschriftenprotokoll Nr. 1 vom 4.1.1961.a At age sixty-seven: Mario Frank, Walter Ulbricht: Eine Deutsche Biographie. Berlin: Siedler, 2001, 282.

aOur task was to dispela: Konrad Adenauer, Memoirs, 1945a”1953. Chicago: Henry Regnery, 1966, 41, 79.

Speaking to his subjects: Berliner Zeitung, 01/01/1961.

Ulbricht had never been: SAPMO-BArch, ZPA, J IV 2/2/743. aStichwort Protokoll der Beratung des Politbros am 4. Januar 1961 ber aDie Gegenwrtige Lage und die Hauptaufgaben 1961,aa Politbro, aReinschriftenprotokoll Nr. 1 vom 4.1.1961.a Ulbrichtas party lieutenants: Frank, Walter Ulbricht, 344a”345.

Like his mentor Stalin, Ulbricht: Frank, Walter Ulbricht, 287; Thomas Grimm, Das Politbro Privata”Ulbricht, Honecker, Mielke & Co. aus der Sicht ihrer Angestellten. Berlin: Aufbau-Verlag, 2004, 203; Wolfgang Weber, DDRa”40 Jahre Stalinismus: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der DDR. Essen: Arbeiterpresse, 1993, 63; Catherine Epstein, The Last Revolutionaries: German Communists and Their Century. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003, 20a”22.

Ulbricht was also a man: Grimm, Das Politbro Privat, 203.

At six in the morning: Weber, DDRa”40 Jahre Stalinismus, 159.

Wolfgang Leonhard, the youngest member: Wolfgang Leonhard, Child of the Revolution. Chicago: Henry Regnery, 1958, 300, 303.

Ulbricht snapped: Leonhard, Child of the Revolution, 312.

One example came in 1946: Weber, DDRa”40 Jahre Stalinismus, 16a”17.

As late as April 1952: aRecord of Conversation of Leaders of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany W. Pieck, W. Ulbricht, and O. Grotewohl with J. V. Stalin,a April 7, 1952, reprinted in Christian F. Ostermann, Uprising in East Germany 1953: The Cold War, the German Question, and the First Major Upheaval Behind the Iron Curtain. Budapest and New York: Central European University Press, 2001, 38.

Though the chancellor: Henning Khler, Adenauer: Eine politische Biographie. Frankfurt am Main: Propylen, 1994, 730.

Yet Kennedyas undisciplined: Terence Prittie, Konrad Adenauer, 1876a”1967. London: Tom Stacey, 1972, 283.

Nevertheless, the chancellor smiled: Der Spiegel, 01/11/1961.

Adenaueras young country: Eric Owen Smith, The West German Economy. New York: St. Martinas Press, 1983, 18.

For all that accomplishment: Charles Williams, Adenauer: The Father of the New Germany. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2000, 177; Hans-Peter Schwarz, Konrad Adenauer: A German Politician and Statesman in a Period of War, Revolution and Reconstruction. Vol. 1: From the German Empire to the Federal Republic, 1876a”1952. Trans. Louise Willmot. Providence, RI: Berghahn Books, 1995, 154, 160, 357, 402, 602, 604.

Dean Acheson, President Trumanas: Dean Acheson, Sketches from Life of Men I Have Known. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1961, 169a”170.

An automobile accident: Schwarz, Konrad Adenauer, vol. 1, 108a”109.

Some likened his profile: Valentin Falin, Politische Erinnerungen. Munich: Droemer Knaur, 1993, 328.

Just eight years after: aMan of the Year: We Belong to the West,a Time, 01/04/1954.

aThe aim of the Russiansa: Adenauer, Memoirs, 78a”79.

In Adenaueras view: Adenauer, Memoirs, 1945a”1953, 79.

Over the two days: Anneliese Poppinga, aDas Wichtigste ist der Muta: Konrad Adenauera”Die letzten fnf Kanzlerjahre. Bergisch Gladbach, Germany: Gustav Lbbe, 1994, 282.