Volume I Part 15 (1/2)
[273] Gunther, S. Geschichte der loxodromischen Kurve.
Halle, 1879. (In: Studien zur Geschichte der mathematischen und physikalischen Geographie. Halle, 1879. Heft 6.); Grunert, J. A. Loxodromische Trigonometrie. Leipzig, 1869; Hues, R. Tractatus de globis; Markham, Ed. See pp. 127-147.
[274] This was edited by Van Raemdonck and published at St.
Nicolas, 1888.
[275] Ghymmius, op. cit. Caput decimum, Gerardi Mercatoris De mundi creatione ac fabrica; Raynaud, A. Le Continent Austral, hypotheses et decouvertes. Paris, 1893; Wieser, Magalhaes-Stra.s.se, Chap. VI, with references.
[276] See references in n. 75.
[277] Baily, F. The Catalogues of Ptolemy, Ulug Beigh, Tycho Brahe, Halley, Hevelius, deduced from the best authorities.
London, 1843. Consult for lists of the several constellations.
[278] See a reference to the sale of Mercator globes. (In: Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Geographie, I Jahrgang, p.
180.)
[279] Blundeville, T. Exercises, pp. 204-243.
[280] Ruscelli, op. cit., Cap. IV.
[281] Fiorini. Sfere terrestre et celeste, p. 144.
[282] Fiorini. Sfere, etc. p. 140.
[283] Mercator, G. Declaratio insigniorum utilitatum. St.
Nicolas, 1888. Ed. by Raemdonck, J. v.
[284] Sacco, B. De italicarum rerum varietate et elegantia.
Papiae, 1565, lib. x, fol. 76.
[285] Thebit, an Arabic astronomer, to whom reference is here made, lived in the latter part of the ninth century. He was chiefly distinguished for his revision of the 'Almagest.'
[286] Ramusio, G. B. Navigationi et Viaggi. Vol. III.
[287] Hieronymi Fracastorii Veronensis opera omnia. The biography is thought to have been written by Adamo Fumano.
[288] See above, p. 100.
[289] Ramusio, op. cit., Vol. I.
[Ill.u.s.tration: Portuguese Arms]
Chapter VIII
Globes and Globe Makers of the Third Quarter of the Sixteenth Century
Revival of interest in globe making in Italy.-Francois De Mongenet of France and the reprint of his globe maps in Italy.-Gore map of Antonius Floria.n.u.s.-Globe records left by Alessandro Piccolomini.-Ruscelli's directions for globe construction.-Reference to the work of Sanuto and Gonzaga.-Armillary sphere of Volpaja.-Excellent workmans.h.i.+p in the celestial-terrestrial globe of Christian Heyden.-Metal globes of Johannes Praetorius.-Vasari's reference to the work of Ign.a.z.io Danti.-The iron globe of Francis...o...b...s.so.-Armillary sphere of Giovanni Barrocci.-The work of Hieronymo de Boncompagni.-Emanuele Filiberto.-Anonymous globe of 1575.-Laurentian armillary spheres.-Small globes of the Biblioteca Nationale of Florence.-Mario Cartaro.
Among those interested in map and globe making, in the third quarter of the sixteenth century, none seems to have surpa.s.sed the Italians. In the art of map engraving they attained to a high degree of merit, and much of the finest work of the middle of the century is the product of the peninsula. With few exceptions it is the Italians who hold the field in this line of scientific activity. There can undoubtedly be traced here the influence of Mercator, but there appear to have been not a few who worked on what might be called independent lines. The interest of ill.u.s.trious personages in the construction and the possession of globes prompted activity in this field. While the number extant, of those manufactured in this period, is not large, there are not a few references in letters and in scientific works a.s.suring us of the construction of many which cannot now be traced.
We may call attention first to Francois De Mongenet, who appears to have been a native of Franche-Comte and well known in his day as a globe maker. He was, however, quite forgotten until a few years since, when a copy each of his terrestrial and celestial globe gores was purchased by the antiquarian Rosenthal of Munich,[290] and sold to Mr. Kalbfleisch of New York, from whose collection they pa.s.sed into the possession of the New York Public Library. Since this discovery of De Mongenet's interesting work, a number of copies of the same or of subsequent editions have come to light, both of the terrestrial and of the celestial globe, some of which copies are mounted, some remain unmounted, some are of his first edition of the year 1552, others are of the second edition, undated, somewhat altered, and printed in Italy. All of his globes are of small size, having each a diameter of about 85 mm.