Part 1 (1/2)

Outwitting Our Nerves.

by Josephine A. Jackson and Helen M. Salisbury.

FOREWORD

”Your trouble is nervous. There is nothing we can cut out and there is nothing we can give medicine for.” With these words a young college student was dismissed from one of our great diagnostic clinics.

The physician was right. In a nervous disorder there is nothing to cut out and there is nothing to give medicine for. Nevertheless there is something to be done,-something which is as definite and scientific as a prescription or a surgical operation.

Psychotherapy, which is treatment by the mental measures of psycho-a.n.a.lysis and re-education, is an established procedure in the scientific world to-day. Nervous disorders are now curable, as has been proved by the clinical results in scores of cases from civil life, under treatment by Freud, Janet, Prince, Sidis, DuBois, and others; and in thousands of cases of war neuroses as reported by Smith and Pear, Eder, MacCurdy, and other military observers. These army experts have shown that sh.e.l.l-shock in war is the same as nervousness in civil life and that both may be cured by psycho-a.n.a.lysis and re-education.

For more than a decade, in handling nervous cases, I have made use of the findings of recognized authorities on psychopathology. Truths have been applied in a special way, with the features of re-education so emphasized that my home has been called a psychological boarding-school. As the alumni have gone back to the game of life with no haunting memories of usual sanatorium methods, but with the equipment of a fuller self-knowledge and sense of power, they have sent back a call for some word that shall extend this helpful message to a larger circle.

There has come, too, a demand for a book which shall give accurate and up-to-date information to those physicians who are eager for light on the subject of nervous disorders, and especially for knowledge of the significant contributions of Sigmund Freud, but who are too busy to devote time to highly technical volumes outside their own specialties.

This need for a simple, comprehensive presentation of the Freudian principles I have attempted to meet in this primer of psychotherapy, providing enough of biological and psychological background to make them intelligible, and enough application and ill.u.s.tration to make them useful to the general pract.i.tioner or the average layman.

JOSEPHINE A. JACKSON.

Pasadena, California, 1921.

OUTWITTING OUR NERVES

CHAPTER I

In Which Most of Us Plead Guilty to the Charge of ”Nerves.”

NERVOUS FOLK

Who's Who

Whenever the subject of ”nerves” is mentioned most people begin trying to prove an alibi. The man who is nervous and knows that he is nervous, realizes that he needs help, but the man who has as yet felt no lack of stability in himself is quite likely to be impatient with that whole cla.s.s of people who are liable to nervous breakdown. It is therefore well to remind ourselves at once that the line between the so-called ”normal” and the nervous is an exceedingly fine one. ”Nervous invalids and well people are indistinguishable both in theory and in practice,” [1] and ”after all we are most of us more or less neurasthenic.” [2] The fact is that everybody is a possible neurotic.

[1] Putnam: Human Motives, p. 117.

[2] DuBois: Physic Treatment of Nervous Disorders, p. 172.

So, as we think about nervous folk and begin to recognize our friends and relatives in this cla.s.s, it may be that some of us will unexpectedly find ourselves looking in the mirror. Some of our lifelong habits may turn out to be nervous tricks. At any rate, it behooves us to be careful about throwing stones, for most of us live in houses that are at least part gla.s.s.

The Earmarks

Am I ”Like Folks”? Before we begin to talk about the real sufferer from ”nerves,” the nervous invalid, let us look for some of the earmarks that are often found on the supposedly well person. All of these signs are deviations from the normal and are sure indications of nervousness. The test question for each individual is this: ”Am I 'like folks'?” To be normal and to be well is to be ”like folks.” Can the average man stand this or that? If he can, then you are not normal if you cannot. Do the people around you eat the thing that upsets you? If they do, ten chances to one your trouble is not a physical idiosyncrasy, but a nervous habit. In bodily matters, at least, it is a good thing to be one of the crowd.

Many people who would resent being called anything but normal-in general-are not at all loth to be thought ”different,” when it comes to particulars. Are there not many of us who are at small pains to hide the fact that we ”didn't sleep a wink last night,” or that we ”can't stand” a ticking clock or a crowing rooster? We sometimes consider it a mark of distinction to have a delicate appet.i.te and to have to choose our food with care. If we are frank with ourselves, some of us will have to admit that our own ailments seem interesting, while the other person's ills are ”merely nervous” or imaginary or abnormal. After all, a good many of us will have to plead guilty to the charge of nervousness.

We have only to read the endless advertis.e.m.e.nts of cathartics and ”internal baths,” or to check up the quant.i.ty of laxatives sold at any drug store, to realize the wide-spread bondage to that great bugaboo constipation. He who is constipated can hardly prove an alibi to ”nerves.” Then there are the school-teachers and others who are worn out at the end of each year's work, hardly able to hold on until vacation; and the people who can't manage their tempers; and those who are upset over trifles; and those who are dissatisfied with life. To a certain degree, at least, all of these are nervous persons. The list grows.

Half-Power Engines. These people are all supposed to be well. They keep going-by fits and starts-and as they are used to running on three cylinders, with frequent stops for repairs, they accept this rate of living as a matter of course, never realizing that they might be sixty horse-power engines, instead of their little thirty or forty. For this large and neglected cla.s.s of people psychotherapy has a stimulating message, and for them many of the following pages have been written.