Volume II Part 22 (2/2)

[17] Giovio, Vita Magni Gonsalvi, lib. 1, pp. 216, 217.--Chronica del Gran Capitan, cap. 24.--Quintana, Espanoles Celebres, tom. i. pp. 223-227.

[18] Giovio, Hist. sui Temporis, lib. 3, pp. 83-85.--Chronica del Gran Capitan, cap. 24.--Summonte, Hist. di Napoli, tom. iii. lib. 6, cap. 2.-- Guicciardini, Istoria, lib. 2, p. 112.--Garibay, Compendio, tom. ii. lib.

19, p. 690.

[19] Guicciardini, Istoria, lib. 1, p. 112.--Giovio, Hist. sui Temporis, lib. 3, p. 85.--Lanuza, Historias, tom. i. lib. 1, cap. 7.

[20] Summonte, Hist. di Napoli, tom. vi. p. 519.--Guicciardini, Istoria, lib. 2, pp. 113, 114.--Giovio, Hist. sui Temporis, lib. 3, pp. 87, 88.-- Villeneuve, Memoires, apud Pet.i.tot, Collection des Memoires, tom. xiv. pp.

264, 265.

[21] Giovio, Hist. sui Temporis, lib. 3, pp. 88-90, 114-119.-- Guicciardini, Istoria, lib, 2, pp. 114-117.--Summonte, Hist. di Napoli, tom. vi. pp. 520, 521.

[22] Bembo, Istoria Viniziana, lib. 3, pp. 173, 174.--Chronica del Gran Capitan, cap. 26.--Giovio, Vita Magni Gonsalvi, lib. 1, p. 218.-- Villeneuve, Memoires, p. 313.--Sismondi, Republiques Italiennes, tom. xii.

p. 386.

[23] Zurita, Hist. del Rey Hernando, lib. 2, cap. 11, 20.--Guicciardini, Istoria, lib. 2, p. 140.--Giovio, Vita Magni Gonsalvi, lib. 1, pp. 219, 220.--Chronica del Gran Capitan, cap. 25, 26.

[24] Guicciardini, Istoria, lib. 3, pp. 140, 157, 158.--Comines, Memoires, liv. 8, chap. 23, 24.--Peter Martyr, Opus Epist., epist. 183.

Du Bos discriminates between the character of the German levies or landsknechts and the Swiss, in the following terms. ”Les lansquenets etoient meme de beaucoup mieux faits, _generalement_ parlant, et de bien meilleure mine sous les armes, que les fanta.s.sins Suisses; mais ils etoient incapables de discipline. Au contraire des Suisses, ils etoient sans obeissance pour leur chefs, et sans amitie pours leurs camarades.”

(Ligue de Cambray, tom. i. dissert. prelim., p. 66.) Comines confirms the distinction with a high tribute to the loyalty of the Swiss, which has continued their honorable characteristic to the present day. Memoires, liv. 8, chap. 21.

[25] Giovio, Vita Magni Gonsalvi, lib. 1, pp. 218, 219.--Chronica del Gran Capitan, cap. 28.--Quintana, Espanoles Celebres, tom. i. p. 226.--Bembo, Istoria Viniziana, lib. 3, p. 184.--Guicciardini, Istoria, lib. 3, p. 158.

[26] Giovio, Vita Magni Gonsalvi, pp. 219, 220.--Chronica del Gran Capitan, cap. 27.--Zurita, Hist. del Rey Hernando, tom. i. lib. 2, cap.

26.--Quintana, Espanoles Celebres, tom. i. pp. 227, 228.--Guicciardini, Istoria, lib. 3, pp. 158, 159.--Mariana, Hist. de Espana, tom. ii. lib.

26, cap. 12.

[27] Giovio, Hist. del Rey Hernando, lib. 4, p. 132.

[28] Quintana, Espanoles Celebres, tom. i. p. 228.--Giovio, Vita Magni Gonsalvi, lib. 1, p. 220.

The Aragonese historians are much ruffled by the irreverent manner in which Guicciardini notices the origin of the cognomen of the Great Captain; which even his subsequent panegyric cannot atone for. ”Era capitano Gonsalvo Ernandes, di casa d'Aghilar, di patria Cordovese, uomo di molto valore, ed esercitato lungamente nelle guerre di Granata, il quale nel principio della venuta sua in Italia, cognominato _dalla jattanza Spagnuola_ il Gran Capitano, per significare con questo t.i.tolo la suprema podesta sopra loro, merit per le preclare vittorie che ebbe dipoi, che per consentimento universale gli fosse confermato e perpetuate questo sopranome, per significazione di virtu grande, e di grande eccellenza nella disciplina militare.” (Istoria, tom. i. p. 112.) According to Zurita, the t.i.tle was not conferred till the Spanish general's appearance before Atella, and the first example of its formal recognition was in the instrument of capitulation at that place. (Hist.

del Rey Hernando, lib. 2, cap. 27.) This seems to derive support from the fact that Gonsalvo's biographer and contemporary, Giovio, begins to distinguish him by that epithet from this period. Abarca a.s.signs a higher antiquity to it, quoting the words of the royal grant of the duchy of Sessa, made to Gonsalvo, as authority. (Reyes de Aragon, rey 39, cap. 9.) In a former edition, I intimated my doubt of the historian's accuracy. A subsequent inspection of the instrument itself, in a work since come into my possession, shows this distrust to have been well founded; for it is there simply said, that the t.i.tle was conferred in Italy. Pulgar, Sumario, p. 188.

[29] This was improving on the somewhat similar expedient ascribed by Polybius to King Pyrrhus, who mingled alternate cohorts, armed with short weapons after the Roman fas.h.i.+on, with those of his Macedonian spearmen.

Lib. 17 sec. 24.

[30] Giovio, Hist. sui Temporis, lib. 4, p. 133.--Idem, Vita Magni Gonsalvi, pp. 220, 221.--Zurita, Hist. del Rey Hernando, lib. 2, cap. 27.

--Chronica del Gran Capitan, cap. 28.--Quintana, Espanoles Celebres, tom.

i. p. 229.--Abarca, Reyes de Aragon, rey 30, cap. 9.

[31] Villeneuve, Memoires, p. 318.--Comines, Memoires, liv. 8, chap. 21.-- Giovio, Hist. sui Temporis, lib. 4, p. 136.

[32] Comines, Memoires, liv. 8, chap. 21.

[33] Giovio, Hist. sui Temporis, p. 137.--Comines, Memoires, liv. 8, chap.

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