Part 1 (1/2)

Mr Nice.

by HOWARD MARKS.

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank the following for their a.s.sistance, support, and editing: Ann Blain, David G.o.dwin, Bee Grice, Judy Marks, Amber Marks, Francesca Marks, Geoffrey Mulligan, Mick Tyson, and Helen Wild

Introduction.

I was running out of pa.s.sports, ones I could use. In a few weeks I intended to visit San Francisco to pick up several hundred thousand dollars from someone keen to exploit his connections, both with me and with a bent US Customs Officer working in the imports section of San Francisco International Airport.

A few years earlier, I had been declared the most wanted man in Great Britain, a has.h.i.+sh smuggler with doc.u.mented links to the Italian Mafia, the Brotherhood of Eternal Love, the IRA, and the British Secret Service. A new ident.i.ty was vital. I'd already gone through about twenty different ident.i.ties, most of which had been backed up by a pa.s.sport, driving licence, or other indicators of doc.u.mented existence, but they'd all either been discovered by friends/enemies or compromised by featuring in some suspicious trail meandering through a recent scam.

We drove to Norwich. After a couple of awkward meetings with go-betweens, I was introduced to a gentle guy named Donald. I couldn't tell if he was a drinker, a stoner, or a straighter. His kitchen gave no clues. He looked normal, except that his eyes danced like those of a villain.

'We can talk privately out here,' he said and took me to a garden shed.

'I need a pa.s.sport, Don, one that'll stand up to all checks.'

'You can have mine. I won't be needing one. But there's one problem.'

'What's that?'

'I've just done twelve years of a life sentence for murder.'

Convicted murderers, although clearly people with a criminal record, would rarely be declared as unwelcome at a country's borders. They were regarded as mere menaces to individuals rather than threats to the fabric of society. The latter attribute tended to be restricted to dope dealers and terrorists.

'I'll give you a grand for it,' I said, 'and a few hundred quid from time to time when I need more back-up.'

I was thinking of a driving licence, medical card, local library card. Just a pa.s.sport with no supporting identification is suspicious. A members.h.i.+p card to the local billiards club, obtainable cheaply and without proof of ident.i.ty, is enough to give the required credibility.

'That's the best deal I've ever been offered for anything.'

'What's your last name, Don?' I asked. I'd been lumbered with some terrible ones in the past.

'Neece.'

'How do you spell it?'

'N-I-C-E, just like the place on the Riviera.' It was up to Don how he p.r.o.nounced his name. But I knew I would p.r.o.nounce it differently. I was about to become Mr Nice.

One.

BRITISH.

'Marks!' yelled the guard. 'What's your number?'

'41526-004,' I mumbled, still in a really deep sleep. My number was used more often than my name, and I knew it just as well.

'Get all your s.h.i.+t together,' he ordered. 'You're leaving.'

Slowly I woke up. 'Yeah, I'm leaving.' I was leaving El Reno.

El Reno, Oklahoma, houses the Federal Bureau of Prisons' transit facilities and is host to between one and two thousand federal prisoners, who are cajoled, bossed, and bullied by a few hundred guards. Every prisoner who is required to be moved from one US federal prison to another pa.s.ses through El Reno. Even if the prisoner is being transported from North Dakota to South Dakota, he still has to go via El Reno. I had been through there five times. Some had been through more than fifty times. Expensive illogicalities and inefficiencies do not worry the monsters of American bureaucracy, and the taxpayers are enthusiastic and eager to spend fortunes in the name of fighting crime. Prison places cost the US taxpayer more than university places. The American belief that prisons are the best way to combat crime has led to an incarceration rate that is at least five times that of almost any other industrialised nation. Overcrowding is endemic. Conditions are appalling, varying from windowless, sensory-deprived isolation to barren and futile brutality.

Mostly, prisoners are taken to El Reno in aeroplanes confiscated by the US Government from the Colombian cocaine cartels, who have made billions of dollars out of America's War on Drugs. There are at least two large airliners, each seating well over one hundred prisoners, and numerous smaller planes carrying up to thirty pa.s.sengers. Every day, between three and six hundred prisoners arrive and leave. Arrivals take place in the late afternoon and evening; departures take place in the early morning. Flying courtesy of the Federal Bureau of Prisons is a gruelling business. The only consolation was that this would be my last of over a dozen flights on this airline, known as Conair. I was going to be released in three weeks. My release date was the same as that of Mike Tyson. I had been continuously in prison for the last six and a half years for transporting beneficial herbs from one place to another, while he had done three years for rape.

'Getting my s.h.i.+t together' meant putting my dirty bedclothes in a pillow case. No personal possessions of any kind are allowed in El Reno. I got my s.h.i.+t together.

Along with about sixty or seventy others, I was herded into a holding cell to await processing. Our names, numbers, fingerprints, and photographs were carefully scrutinised to ensure we were who we said we were. Our medical records were perused to ensure that if anyone had AIDS, TB, or some other dreadfully contagious disease, the right s.p.a.ce on the form was filled in. One by one we were stripped naked and minutely examined during the ritual known as 'shakedown'. In full view of, and in sickeningly close proximity to, three Oklahoma rednecks, I ran my fingers through my hair, shook my head, tugged my ears to show the wax, opened my mouth, pulled out my Bureau of Prisons denture plate, stretched my arms above my head to show my armpits, pulled up my b.a.l.l.s, pulled back the foreskin of my d.i.c.k, turned round to display the soles of my feet, and finally bent down, pulling the cheeks of my b.u.m apart, so that the rednecks could treat my a.n.u.s as a telescope. A federal prisoner has to perform this series of indignities before and after each time he is visited by his family, friend, religious counsellor, or lawyer, and each time he enters or leaves any prison. I had performed it thousands of times. The three Peeping-Tom rednecks made the same jokes that prison guards never tire of making when shaking down: 'I recognise that hole. Didn't you come through here three years ago?'

During the course of this departure process, I checked among the other prisoners where they were expecting to be transported to. It was important to establish that I was not about to be sent somewhere in error a most common occurrence. Sometimes the error was deliberate part of a practice known as 'diesel therapy'. This punishment of keeping one on the move and out of contact was frequently administered to troublesome prisoners. The 'treatment' could last up to two years. I was meant to be going to Oakdale, Louisiana, where criminal aliens (the word 'alien' is preferred to the word 'foreigner') nearing the expiry of their sentences began the gleeful process of being removed from the US and sent back to civilisation. I began to panic when some of my shaken-down companions mentioned they were going to Pennsylvania; others thought they were going to Michigan. Security reasons always prevent prisoners from knowing where (and sometimes when) they are going. Eventually I met someone who was also expecting to go to Oakdale. He was a gentle, bright marijuana smuggler, longing to finish his ten-year sentence and get back to his loved and longed-for native country of New Zealand. He told me that he knew it was just an hour's flight from El Reno to Oakdale.

We caught a glimpse of the time 2 a.m. We were then outfitted with our travelling clothes: a sleeveless s.h.i.+rt with no pockets, a pair of trousers without pockets, socks, underwear, and a pair of very thin, beach-type shoes, which were made in China. Next came the part that everyone hates, even more than the shakedown: the adorning of heavy metal: handcuffs around the wrists, chains around the waist, chains from the chains around the waist to the handcuffs, shackles around the legs, and, if like me one is described as having a propensity for escape or violence, a 'black box'. This last lump of heavy metal is like a portable pillory without the hole for the head and renders the handcuffs completely rigid, preventing any independent hand movement. It is chained and padlocked to the chains around the waist. I have never attempted to escape from anywhere and have never physically harmed or threatened anyone. Nevertheless, according to information furnished to the US Federal Bureau of Prisons by Special Agent Craig Lovato of the US Drug Enforcement Administration, I'm an Oxford graduate and a British Secret Service operative, and, apparently, I can get out of places that Houdini couldn't even get into.

We were then placed in another holding cell. Two or three hours had pa.s.sed since our awakening; two or three more would have to pa.s.s before we would leave by bus for Oklahoma City Airport. We sat around talking to each other, comparing conditions in different prisons in much the same way as I once discussed the pros and cons of various first-cla.s.s hotels. Dog-ends that had been miraculously smuggled through the shakedown process were produced and fought over. At times like this I felt very glad I had given up smoking tobacco (after thirty-five years of fairly constant use). Prisoners clanked and jingled their chains as they shuffled to the solitary toilet bowl and performed the acrobatics necessary to unzip and undo.

Federal regulations require prisoners to be fed at least once every fourteen hours. Each prisoner was provided with a brown paper bag containing two hard-boiled eggs, a carton of 'Jungle Juice', an apple, and a Granola bar. People began to trade food items furiously.

The gates to the holding cell were opened, and we were led out into the sub-zero temperature in our sleeveless s.h.i.+rts and were counted and checked again against copies of photographs. We were then patted, as opposed to shaken, down and guided into a mercifully heated bus. A radio blared the two kinds of music with which Oklahoma rednecks are familiar: country and western.

The icy roads made for a slow journey to the airport. There was a long wait at the runway before we were finally handed over by the prison guards to the United States Marshals. None of them looked like Wyatt Earp. They handle interstate transportation of federal property such as prisoners. Some of them are female, kind of. Soon I would see real air hostesses and then my wife.

After an hour in the air, we landed at a military airfield. Names were called, and some pa.s.sengers left. My name was omitted. I panicked until I realised the New Zealander was still on board, but he looked worried too. Some different prisoners boarded and told us we were at Memphis. We took off again, and in an hour really did land at Oakdale airport. A bus took us to the prison, where we were dechained, shaken down, fed, and otherwise processed. I was beginning to look forward to the various facilities that every federal prison tends to have: tennis courts, jogging track, and library.

Processing is an irritating and lengthy process, but most of us had been through it dozens of times. Each newly arrived prisoner has to be seen and checked by a PA (physician's a.s.sistant) and a screening counsellor. Each prisoner also has to be fed and given clothes that fit at least approximately. These seemingly straightforward activities take several hours to complete.

The screening counsellor's function is to decide whether or not the prisoner may be allowed to be accommodated in the general prison population. If not, the prisoner is locked up in the prison's 'hole', a very uncomfortable prison within a prison. There are a number of reasons why a prisoner would be separated from the others. Occasionally, the prisoner would himself request segregation: he might have been warned that someone at this new prison was out to get him to settle some old dope or gambling debt. He might be terrified of being raped, extorted, or discovered to be a snitch. Sometimes, particularly if release was imminent, the prisoner would wish to be isolated merely to diminish the chances of getting into any trouble inadvertently. One had to do one's best to decrease the frequency of random c.o.c.k-ups. Moreover, there is an obligation for prisoners to be gainfully employed, and one of the very few methods of avoiding work is to be locked up in the hole. Accommodation in the hole could always be requested: checking-in was easy, checking-out extremely difficult. More often than not, it's the screening counsellor who determines who goes where, and the most scanty of reasons are used to justify placement in the hole: a history of violence, escape, connections with gangs, and high profile would almost always ensure at least a limited spell inside. My file was littered with absurd allegations of escape attempts, but I did not expect problems from that quarter because of the short time I had left to serve. It was March 3rd, and my parole release date was March 25th. Not a sensible time to attempt to leg it, but American law enforcement is prohibited from making common-sense a.s.sumptions.

Despite valiant attempts, I hadn't p.i.s.sed for over twelve hours. The toilets in the holding cells are always crowded by smokers, and I've never yet been able to p.i.s.s covered in chains and sharing a pressurised airplane cabin with a redneck marshal whose job is to stare at my d.i.c.k to ensure it doesn't turn into a dangerously offensive weapon or dope stash. I was bursting. My name was the first called. I went into the screener's office and immediately noticed on his desk a piece of paper referring to me with the word ESCAPE highlighted in yellow.

'Oh no!' I thought. 'They can't be that insane.'

But I knew they could be.

They didn't use my so-called escape history against me, but I was put into the hole anyway. The screening counsellor informed me that as I had less than thirty days of my sentence left, it would be pointless for the prison to go through the time-consuming charade of admitting and orientating me. The screener didn't care who I was. It was policy.

'How am I going to see Immigration and get deported? How can I get my pa.s.sport? How can I get the airline ticket that will take me out of this horrible country if I can't telephone or write?'

'Don't worry,' said the screener. 'They'll come to you, tell you what's happening, and arrange for you to have all the calls and stamps you need.'