Part 15 (1/2)

1 to 4, inclusive 1 5 to 8, inclusive 2 9 to 12, inclusive 3 13 to 16, inclusive 4 17 to 20, inclusive 5 21 to 24, inclusive 6 25 and over 7

The resulting values in this extension are brought up into the cla.s.sification formula directly above the subsecondary in their respective positions, the right hand being the numerator, the left hand being the denominator.

In addition to the extensions already mentioned, fingerprint groups may be divided into male and female, and by age (either by year or by arbitrarily setting an age limit, beyond which a print bearing such an age would be filed separately in a ”Reference” or a ”Presumptive Dead”

file).

In the files of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, all prints bearing an age of 55 through 74 are filed in the ”Reference” group and all prints bearing an age of 75 years or more are filed in the ”Presumptive Dead” file. Persons 75 years of age or older, in regard to crime, may be considered as generally inactive and thus are filed as ”Presumptive Dead.” Such a group provides for removing from the other files the cards concerning those of whom no notice is ever received as to death.

A separate file should be maintained for deceased persons, for possible future reference.

A separate file should be maintained for all prints bearing amputations and which have an unequivocal statement or marking from the contributor to that effect.

Permanent scars also may be utilized for this purpose, giving three more groupings: those prints having permanent scars in the right hand, those having a scar in the left, and those in which scars appear in both hands. A separate file may be maintained for mutilated prints whether or not the permanent-scar division is used. This is usually composed of prints so badly mutilated, or so mutilated about the cores and deltas, that intentional mutilation is suspected.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 354]

+--------------+ +--------------+ +--------------+ +--------------+ | WHORL | |CENTRAL POCKET| | DUAL LOOP | | ACCIDENTAL | | -W- | | LOOP | | -D- | | -X- | | | | | | | | | |[Ill.u.s.tration]| |[Ill.u.s.tration]| |[Ill.u.s.tration]| |[Ill.u.s.tration]| +--------------+ +--------------+ +--------------+ +--------------+ PATTERN HAVING PATTERN HAVING TWO SEPARATE TWO OR MORE ONE CORE. LINE ONE CORE. LINE AND DISTINCT DIFFERENT TYPES DRAWN FROM DRAWN FROM LOOPS IN ONE PATTERN.

DELTA TO DELTA DELTA TO DELTA ANY UNUSUAL CUTS ONE OR CUTS NO PATTERN NOT MORE RECURVES RECURVES DEFINED IN OTHER CLa.s.sIFICATIONS

CHAPTER V

_Cla.s.sification of Scarred Patterns--Amputations--Missing at Birth_

_Cla.s.sification of scarred patterns_

Emphasis should be placed upon the necessity for fully referencing all scarred patterns. In connection with their proper cla.s.sification, the following rules should be observed:

- When an impression is so scarred that neither the general type of pattern nor the ridge tracing or count can be determined with reasonable accuracy, the impression should be given both the general type value and the subcla.s.sification value of the corresponding finger of the other hand.

- When an impression is partially scarred, i.e., large scars about the core so that the _general type_ cannot be determined with _reasonable accuracy_, but the ridges allow reasonably accurate subcla.s.sifications by ridge tracings or counting, the impression should be given the primary value of the pattern of the corresponding finger and the subcla.s.sification value as indicated by the ridges of partially scarred impressions.

- When an impression is partially scarred and the general type of pattern can be determined with reasonable accuracy, but the ridges cannot be traced or counted so as to fall within the proper subsecondary cla.s.sification, the impression should be given the ridge count or tracing value of the corresponding finger of the other hand, if the corresponding finger is of the same general type. If the corresponding finger is not of the same general type, the scarred impression should be given the probable value and referenced to all other possibilities.

- When an impression is so scarred that neither the general type of pattern nor the ridge tracing or count can be determined with reasonable accuracy, and it so happens that the corresponding finger of the other hand is similarly scarred, both patterns are given the arbitrary value of whorls with meeting tracings.

In figure 355, the pattern is entirely obliterated. It could have been a small whorl, a small ulnar or radial loop, an arch, or a tented arch. If the opposite finger were an arch or tented arch or whorl, this impression would be cla.s.sified as arch, tented arch, or whorl (with the same tracing). If the opposite finger were a small-count loop, this would be cla.s.sified as a loop of the same count. If the opposite finger were a large-count loop, this impression would be given the count of the opposite finger even though it could never have had that count. If the opposite finger were scarred in the same fas.h.i.+on or were amputated or missing, both impressions would be cla.s.sified as whorls with meeting tracings.

In figure 356, the general type of the pattern could have been loop (ulnar if in the right hand) or whorl. If the opposite finger were a whorl this would be cla.s.sified as a whorl, and with the same tracing.

If a radial loop were opposite, this would be cla.s.sified as an ulnar loop (if in the right hand). The ridge count can be obtained with a fair degree of accuracy. If an arch or tented arch were opposite, this impression would be cla.s.sified as a loop because it looks as if it had been a loop.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 355]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 356]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 357]