Part 3 (1/2)

[Ill.u.s.tration: 41]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 42]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 43]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 44]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 45]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 46]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 47]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 48]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 49]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 50]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 51]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 52]

In figure 50, the delta is formed by a bifurcation which is not connected with either of the type lines. The first ridge count in this instance is ridge C. If the bifurcation were not present, the delta would be a point on ridge C and the first ridge count would be ridge D. In figure 51, the ridge which bifurcates is connected with the lower type line. The delta in this would be located on the bifurcation as designated and the first ridge count would be ridge C.

Figure 52 reflects the same type of delta shown in the previous figure in that the ridge is bifurcating from a type line and then bifurcates again to form the delta.

_A white s.p.a.ce must intervene between the delta and the first ridge count._ If no such interval exists, the first ridge must be disregarded. In figures 53 and 54, the first ridge beyond the delta is counted. In figure 55, it is not counted because there is no interval between it and the delta. Notice that the ridge running from the delta toward the core is in a straight line between them. If it were not, of course, an interval would intervene as in figures 53 and 54.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 53]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 54]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 55]

_The loop_

In fingerprints, as well as in the usual application of the word ”loop,” there cannot be a loop unless there is a recurve or turning back on itself of one or more of the ridges. Other conditions have to be considered, however. A pattern must possess several requisites before it may be properly cla.s.sified as a loop. This type of pattern is the most numerous of all and const.i.tutes about 65 percent of all prints.

_A loop is that type of fingerprint pattern in which one or more of the ridges enter on either side of the impression, recurve, touch or pa.s.s an imaginary line drawn from the delta to the core, and terminate or tend to terminate on or toward the same side of the impression from whence such ridge or ridges entered._

_Essentials of a loop_

- A sufficient recurve.

- A delta.

- A ridge count across a looping ridge.

_A sufficient recurve may be defined as that part of a recurving ridge between the shoulders of a loop. It must be free of any appendages ab.u.t.ting upon the outside of the recurve at a right angle._