Part 14 (1/2)

[134] 'Naturellement silencieux.' _D'Orbigny_, _Voy._, p. 578. 'Sie verrichten auch die Nothdurft und das Ehegeschaft ohne alle Scheu.'

_Neue. Nachr._, p. 150. 'A stupid silence reigns among them.' 'I am persuaded that the simplicity of their character exceeds that of any other people.' _Lisiansky's Voy._, pp. 182, 183. 'Kind-hearted and obliging, submissive and careful; but if roused to anger, they become rash and unthinking, even malevolent, and indifferent to all danger.'

_Langsdorff's Voy._, pt. ii., p. 32. 'To all appearance, they are the most peaceable, inoffensive people, I ever met with. And, as to honesty, they might serve as a pattern to the most civilized nation upon earth.'

_Cook_, vol. ii., p. 509.

[135] 'To hunt was their task; to be drowned, or starved, or exhausted, was their reward.' _Simpson's Jour._, vol. ii., p. 229. 'They are harmless, wretched slaves,' whose race will soon be extinct. _Kotzebue's Voy._, vol. iii., p. 315. The Russian hunters 'used not unfrequently to place the men close together, and try through how many the ball of their rifle-barrelled musket would pa.s.s.' _Sauer_, _Billings' Ex. App._, p.

56. 'Of a thousand men, who formerly lived in this spot, scarcely more than forty remained.' _Langsdorff's Voy._, pt. ii., p. 235. 'La variole, la syphilis, voire meme le cholera depuis quelques annees, en emportent une effrayante quant.i.te.' _Laplace_, _Circ.u.mnav._, vol. ii., p. 51.

[136] _Kaluga_, _Kaljush_, _Koljush_, _Kalusch_, _Kolush_, _Kolosch_, _Kolosh_, _Kolosches_. Marchand calls them Tc.h.i.n.kitane. _Voyage aut. du Monde_, tom. ii., p. 3.

[137] See _Holmberg_, _Ethn. Skiz._, pp. 15, 16.

[138] _Ugalachmiuti_, _Ugaljachmjuten_, _Ugalyachmutzi_, _Ugalukmutes_, _Ugalenzi_, _Ugalenzen_, _Ugalenzes_.

[139] They 'call themselves G-tinkit, or S-c.h.i.n.kit, or also S-chitcha-chon, that is, inhabitants of Sitki or Sitcha.' _Langsdorff's Voy._, pt. ii., 128.

[140] The orthographic varieties of this word are endless. _Stickeen_, _Stekin_, _Stakhin_, _Stachin_, _Stikin_, _Stachine_, _Stikeen_, _Stikine_, _Stychine_, are among those before me at the moment.

[141] At the end of this chapter, under Tribal Boundaries, the location of these tribes is given definitely.

[142] A Thlinkeet boy, 'when under the whip, continued his derision, without once exhibiting the slightest appearance of suffering.'

_Lisiansky's Voy._, p. 242.

[143] 'Leur corps est rama.s.se, mais a.s.sez bien proportionne.'

_Marchand_, _Voy._, tom. ii., p. 46. 'Very fierce.' _Portlock's Voy._, p. 291. 'Limbs straight and well shaped.' _Dixon's Voy._, p. 171.

'Stolze gerade Haltung.' _Holmberg_, _Ethn. Skiz._, p. 16. 'Active and clever.' _Lisiansky's Voy._, p. 237. 'Bigote a manera de los Chinos.'

_Perez_, _Nav._, MS. p. 14. 'Limbs ill-proportioned.' _Kotzebue's New Voy._, vol. ii., p. 49. 'Tres superieurs en courage et en intelligence.'

_La Perouse_, _Voy._, tom. iv., p. 54.

[144] The women 'are pleasing and their carriage modest.' _Portlock's Voy._, p. 291. When washed, white and fresh. _Dixon's Voy._, p. 171.

'Dunkle Hautfarbe.' _Holmberg_, _Ethn. Skiz._, p. 16. 'Eran de color blanco y habia muchos con ojos azules.' _Perez_, _Nav._, MS. p. 14. As fair as many Europeans. _Langsdorff's Voy._, pt. ii., p. 112. 'Muchos de ellos de un blanco regular.' _Bodega y Quadra_, _Nav._, MS. p. 43.

[145] 'Leur chevelure, dure, epaisse, melee, couverte d'ocre, de duvet d'oiseaux et de toutes les ordures que la negligence et le temps y ont acc.u.mulees, contribue encore a rendre leur aspect hideux.' _Marchand_, _Voy._, tom. ii., p. 46. 'A more hideous set of beings, in the form of men and women, I had never before seen.' _Cleveland's Voy._, p. 91. The men painted 'a black circle extending from the forehead to the mouth, and a red chin, which gave the face altogether the appearance of a mask.' _Lisiansky's Voy._, p. 146. Pourraient meme pa.s.ser pour jolies, sans l'horrible habitude qu'elles ont adoptee.' _Laplace_, _Circ.u.mnav._, tom. vi., p. 87. 'That person seems to be reckoned the greatest beau amongst them, whose face is one entire piece of s.m.u.t and grease.'

_Dixon's Voy._, p. 68. 'Ils se font des cicatrices sur les bras et sur la poitrine.' _La Perouse_, _Voy._, tom. ii., p. 223. 'Um aus dem Gesichte diese fette Farbenma.s.se abzuwaschen, gebrauchen sie ihren eignen Urin, und dieser verursacht bei ihnen den widerlichen Geruch, der den sich ihm nahenden Fremdling fast zum Erbrechen bringt.' _Holmberg_, _Ethn. Skiz._, p. 20.

[146] Meares, _Voyages_, p. x.x.xi., states that at Prince William Sound, 'the men have universally a slit in their under lip, between the projecting part of the lip and the chin, which is cut parallel with their mouths, and has the appearance of another mouth.' Worn only by women. _Dixon's Voy._, p. 172.

[147] 'About three tenths of an inch below the upper part of the under lip.' _Vancouver's Voy._, vol. ii., p. 280. 'In the centre of the under-lip.' _Langsdorff's Voy._, pt. ii., p. 115. 'Fendue au ras des gencives.' _La Perouse_, _Voy._, tom. ii., p. 224. 'In the thick part near the mouth.' _Dixon's Voy._, p. 187. 'When the first person having this incision was seen by one of the seamen, who called out, that the man had two mouths.' _Cook's Third Voy._, vol. ii., p. 369. 'In their early infancy, a small incision is made in the center of the under lip, and a piece of bra.s.s or copper wire is placed in, and left in the wound.

This corrodes the lacerated parts, and by consuming the flesh gradually increases the orifice, until it is sufficiently large to admit the wooden appendage.' _Vancouver's Voy._, vol. ii., p. 408. 'Les femmes de Tc.h.i.n.kitane ont cru devoir ajouter a leur beaute naturelle, par l'emploi d'un ornement l.a.b.i.al, aussi bizarre qu'incommode.' _Marchand_, _Voy._, tom. ii., p. 48.

[148] 'Simply perforated, and a piece of copper wire introduced.'

_Dixon's Voy._, p. 187. 'Les jeunes filles n'ont qu'une aiguille dans la levre inferieure.' _La Perouse_, _Voy._, tom. ii., p. 226. 'On y prepare les pet.i.tes filles aussitot qu'elles sont nees.' _Id._, tom. iv., p. 54.

'At first a thick wire.' _Langsdorff's Voy._, pt. ii., p. 115. When almost marriageable. _Kotzebue's New Voy._, vol. ii., p. 51. 'The children have them bored at about two years of age, when a piece of copper-wire is put through the hole; this they wear till the age of about thirteen or fourteen years, when it is taken out, and the wooden ornament introduced.' _Portlock's Voy._, p. 289. 'Said to denote maturity.' _Whymper's Alaska_, p. 100. 'Se percer la levre inferieure des l'enfance.' 'D'agrandir peu a peu cette ouverture au point de pouvoir jeune fille y introduire une coquille, et femme mariee une enorme ta.s.se de bois.' _Laplace_, _Circ.u.mnav._, tom. vi., p. 87. 'Never takes place during their infancy.' _Dixon's Voy._, p. 187. 'When the event takes place that implies womanhood.' _Lisiansky's Voy._, p. 243.

'Wenn zum ersten Mal beim Madchen sich Spuren der Mannbarkeit zeigen, wird ihre Unterlippe durchstochen und in diese Oeffnung eine Knochenspitze, gegenwartig doch haufiger ein Silberstift gelegt.'

_Holmberg_, _Ethn. Skiz._, p. 21. 'Pues les parecio que solo lo tenian los casados.' _Perez_, _Nav._, MS. p. 15.

[149] 'Concave on both sides.' _Vancouver's Voy._, vol. ii., p. 280. 'So lange sie unverheirathet ist, tragt sie diesen; erhalt sie aber einen Mann, so presst man einen grosseren Schmuck von Holz oder Knochen in die Oeffnung, welcher nach innen, d. h. zur Zahnseite etwas trogformig ausgehohlt ist.' _Holmberg_, _Ethn. Skiz._, p. 21. 'Une espece d'ecuelle de bois sans anses qui appuie contre les gencives.' _La Perouse_, _Voy._, tom. ii., p. 224. Pieces of sh.e.l.l resembling teeth. _Meares'

Voy._, p. x.x.xi.

[150] 'As large as a large saucer.' _Portlock's Voy._, p. 289. 'From one corner of the mouth to the other.' _Vancouver's Voy._, vol. ii., p. 280.

'Frequently increased to three, or even four inches in length, and nearly as wide.' _Dixon's Voy._, p. 187. 'A communement un demi-pouce d'epaisseur, deux de diametre, et trois pouces de long.' _La Perouse_, _Voy._, tom. iv., p. 54. 'At least seven inches in circ.u.mference.'

_Meares' Voy._, p. x.x.xviii. 'Mit den Jahren wird der Schmuck vergrossert, so da.s.s er bei einem alten Weibe uber 2 Zoll breit angetroffen wird.' _Holmberg_, _Ethn. Skiz._, p. 21. From two to five inches long, and from one and a half to three inches broad. Ladies of distinction increase the size. 'I have even seen ladies of very high rank with this ornament, full five inches long and three broad.' Mr Dwolf affirms that he saw 'an old woman, the wife of a chief, whose lip ornament was so large, that by a peculiar motion of her under-lip she could almost conceal her whole face with it.' 'Horrible in its appearance to us Europeans.' _Langsdorff's Voy._, pt. ii., p. 115. 'Es una abertura como de media pulgada debaxo del labio inferior, que representa segunda boca, donde colocan una especie de roldana eliptica de pino, cuyo diametro mayor es de dos pulgadas, quatro lineas, y el menor de una pulgada.' _Sutil y Mexicana_, _Viage_, p. 126.