Part 202 (2/2)

P. MONSPELIeNSIS, Desf. Panicle interrupted; lower glumes oblong, the awn from a notch at the summit, the flowering one also awned; root annual.--Isles of Shoals (_Robbins_), ballast heaps, and southward.

(Nat. from Eu.)

31. CiNNA, L. WOOD REED-GRa.s.s. (Pl. 8.)

Spikelets 1-flowered, much flattened, crowded in an open flaccid panicle. Empty glumes persistent, lanceolate, acute, strongly keeled, rough-serrulate on the keel; the lower rather smaller, the upper a little exceeding the flower, which is manifestly stalked, smooth and naked; flowering glume much like the lower, longer than the palet, usually short awned or mucronate on the back below the pointless apex.

Stamen one, opposite the 1-nerved palet! Grain linear-oblong, free.--A perennial, rather sweet-scented gra.s.s, with simple and upright somewhat reed-like culms (2--7 high), bearing an ample compound terminal panicle, its branches in fours or fives; the broadly linear-lanceolate flat leaves (4--6” wide) with conspicuous ligules. Spikelets green, often purplish-tinged. (From ????a, a name in Dioscorides for a kind of gra.s.s.)

1. C. arundinacea, L. (Pl. 8, fig. 1, 2.) Panicle 6--15' long, rather dense, the branches and pedicels spreading in flower, afterward erect; spikelets 2--3” long.; awn of the glume either obsolete or manifest.--Moist woods and shaded swamps; rather common. July, Aug.

2. C. pendula, Trin. Panicle loose and more slender, the branches nearly capillary and drooping in flower; pedicels very rough; glumes thinner, the lower less unequal; spikelets 1--2” long; palet obtuse. (C.

arundinacea, var. pendula, _Gray_.)--Deep damp woods, N. New Eng. to Lake Superior and northward, and on mountains southward. (Eu.)

32. APeRA, Adans.

With the characters of Agrostis; distinguished by the presence of a second rudimentary flower in the form of a short bristle, and by the 2-toothed palet little shorter than the flowering bifid glume, which is dorsally awned.--A rather late annual, with narrow flat leaves, and a contracted or spreading panicle with numerous filiform branches and very numerous small s.h.i.+ning spikelets. (Name from ?p????, _unmaimed_; application obscure.)

A. SPCA-VeNTI, Beauv. Spikelets --1” long.--Sparingly naturalized.

(Nat. from Eu.)

33. CALAMAGRoSTIS, Adans. REED BENT-G. (Pl. 8.)

Spikelets 1-flowered, and (in our species) often with a pedicel or rudiment of a second abortive flower (rarely 2-flowered), in an open or spiked panicle. Lower glumes mostly membranaceous, keeled or boat-shaped, often acute, commonly nearly equal, and exceeding the flower, which bears at the base copious white bristly hairs; flowering glume thin, bearing a slender awn on the back or below the tip, or sometimes awnless; the palet mostly shorter. Stamens 3. Grain free.--Perennials, with running rootstocks, and mostly tall and simple rigid culms. (Name compounded of ???a??, _a reed_, and ????st??, _a gra.s.s_.)

-- 1. DEYEuXIA. _Rudiment of a second flower present in the form of a plumose or hairy small pedicel behind the palet (very rarely more developed and having a glume or even stamens); glumes membranaceous, or the flowering one thin and delicate, the latter 3--5-nerved and awn-bearing._

[*] _Panicle loose and open, even after flowering; the mostly purple-tinged or lead-colored strigose-scabrous glumes not closing in fruit; copious hairs of the rhachis about equalling the flowering glume, not surpa.s.sed by those of the rudiment; awn delicate, straight._

1. C. Canadensis, Beauv. (BLUE-JOINT GRa.s.s.) (Pl. 8, fig. 1, 2.) Culm tall (3--5 high); leaves flat when fresh, glaucous; panicle oblong; _glumes ovate-lanceolate_, acute, 1--1” long; _awn_ from near the middle of the upper glume, not exceeding and _scarcely stouter than the basal hairs_. (Deyeuxia Canadensis, _Hook. f._)--Wet grounds; common northward. July.

2. C. Langsdorffii, Trin. Spikelets larger, 2--3” long; _glumes lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate and gradually taper-pointed_; awn stouter; otherwise like the preceding, (Deyeuxia Langsdorffii, _Kunth._)--Mountains of N. New Eng., L. Superior, and northward. (Eu.)

[*][*] _Panicle strict, its short branches appressed or erect after flowering, and the glumes mostly closed; flowering glume less delicate, roughish, sometimes of as firm texture as the lower; awn stouter._

[+] _Leaves narrow, inclined to be involute; awn straight._

3. C. stricta, Trin. Panicle glomerate and lobed, strict, 2--4' long; glumes 1--2” long, ovate-oblong, not ac.u.minate; hairs scarcely or little shorter than the flower, and as long as those of the rudiment; awn from the middle of the thin flowering glume or lower, and barely exceeding it. (Deyeuxia neglecta, _Kunth_?)--Mountains of N. New Eng., Lake Superior, and north and westward. (Eu.)

4. C. Lapponica, Trin. Culm and rootstocks stouter than in C. stricta; the narrow panicle less dense, and purplish spikelets larger; glumes fully 2” long, tapering to a point; awn from much below the middle of the glume, stout. (Deyeuxia Lapponica, _Kunth._)--Isle Royale, Lake Superior, to Lab., north and westward. Aug. (Eu.)

[+][+] _Leaves broader, flat; awn stouter, bent, divergent, or twisted when dry._

5. C. confnis, Nutt. Tall; _panicle_ elongated (4--6'), its rather slender branches _spreading at flowering-time_, afterward appressed; glumes lance-oblong, very acute, 2” long, pale; _hairs of the flower copious, equal_, slightly or one third shorter than the thin flowering glume and than those of the rudiment; awn borne much below the middle of the glume, somewhat surpa.s.sing it; grain glabrous. (Deyeuxia confinis, _Kunth._)--Swamps, N. and W. New York (especially Penn Yan, _Sartwell_) and Penn.; Minn., and westward. July.

6. C. Nuttalliana, Steud. Culm stout (3--5 high); _panicle contracted and spike-like_; glumes lanceolate and tapering into slender awl-shaped tips, 3” long; _hairs on the lower side scanty and barely half the length of the firm and keeled flowering glume_, on the other side longer and equalling the copious tuft on the summit of the rudiment; awn borne half-way between the middle and the tapering tip of the glume, stout, not twisted; grain bearded at the top. (Deyeuxia Nuttalliana, _Vasey._)--Moist grounds, E. New Eng. to Penn., Va., and southward. Aug.

7. C. Porteri, Gray. Culm slender (2--4 high); a woolly-bearded ring at the junction of the broadly linear leaves with the sheath; _panicle long and narrow_, with the branches appressed; glumes lanceolate, acute, pale, 2--2” long; _hairs of the flower and of the short rudiment scanty_, and both reaching about to the middle of the flower behind the palet, but _very short or none at the base of the firm-membranaceous flowering glume_, which bears near its base _a twisted awn_ of its own length. (Deyeuxia Porteri, _Vasey_.)--Dry woods, Pulpit Rocks and vicinity, Huntingdon Co., Penn., _Prof. T. C. Porter_.

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