Part 132 (1/2)

3. Catalpa. Pod terete. Fertile stamens only 2. Trees; leaves simple.

1. BIGNNIA, Tourn.

Calyx truncate, or slightly 5-toothed. Corolla somewhat bell-shaped, 5-lobed and rather 2-lipped. Stamens 4, often showing a rudiment of the fifth. Capsule linear, 2-celled, flattened parallel with the valves and part.i.tion. Seeds transversely winged.--Woody climbers, with chiefly compound leaves, terminating in a tendril. (Named for the _Abbe Bignon_.)

1. B. capreolata, L. (CROSS-VINE.) Smooth; leaves of 2 ovate or oblong leaflets and a branched tendril, often with a pair of accessory leaves in the axil resembling stipules; peduncles few and cl.u.s.tered, 1-flowered; corolla orange, 2' long; pod 6' long; seeds with the wing 1' long.--Rich soil, Va. to S. Ill and south to Fla. and La. April.

Climbing tall trees; a transverse section of the wood showing a cross.

2. TeCOMA, Juss. TRUMPET-FLOWER.

Calyx bell-shaped, 5-toothed. Corolla funnel-form, 5-lobed, a little irregular. Stamens 4. Capsule 2-celled, with the part.i.tion at right angles to the convex valves. Seeds transversely winged.--Woody, with compound leaves, climbing by aerial rootlets. (Abridged from the Mexican name.)

1. T. radcans, Juss. (TRUMPET CREEPER.) Leaves pinnate; leaflets 9--11, ovate, pointed, toothed; flowers corymbed; stamens not protruded beyond the tubular-funnel-form orange and scarlet corolla (2--3' long); pod oblanceolate, 4--5' long.--Moist soil, Penn. to Ill., south to Fla. and Tex. Common in cultivation farther north.

3. CATaLPA, Scop., Walt. CATALPA. INDIAN BEAN.

Calyx deeply 2-lipped. Corolla bell-shaped, swelling; the undulate 5-lobed spreading border irregular and 2-lipped. Fertile stamens 2, or sometimes 4; the 1 or 3 others sterile and rudimentary. Capsule very long and slender, nearly cylindrical, 2-celled, the part.i.tion at right angles to the valves. Seeds winged on each side, the wings cut into a fringe.--Trees, with ovate or cordate and mainly opposite leaves. (The aboriginal name.)

1. C. specisa, Warder. A large and tall tree, with thick bark; leaves ample, heart-shaped, long-ac.u.minate; corolla 2' long, nearly white, inconspicuously spotted, with obconical tube and slightly oblique limb, the lower lobe emarginate; capsule thick.--Low rich woodlands, S. Ind.

to Tenn., Mo., and Ark. May.

C. BIGNONIODES, Walt., of Ga., Ala. and Miss., very widely cultivated, and formerly including the above species, is a low much branched tree, with thin bark, smaller (1' long) thickly spotted corolla (with oblique limb and lower lobe entire), and a much thinner capsule.

ORDER 79. PEDALIaCEae.

_Herbs, with chiefly opposite simple leaves, and flowers as of the preceding Order, except in structure of ovary and fruit, the former being 1-celled, the latter fleshy-drupaceous, with wingless seeds and thick entire cotyledons._--Ovary (in ours) 1-celled, with 2 parietal intruded placentae expanded into 2 broad lamellae or united into a central columella.

1. MARTNIA, L. UNICORN-PLANT.

Calyx 5-cleft, mostly unequal. Corolla gibbous, bell-shaped, 5-lobed and somewhat 2-lipped. Fertile stamens 4, or only 2. Fruit fleshy, the flesh at length falling away in 2 valves; the inner part woody, terminated by a beak, which at length splits into 2 hooked horns, and opens at the apex between the horns, imperfectly 5-celled, owing to the divergence of the two plates of each placenta, leaving a s.p.a.ce in the centre, while by reaching and cohering with the walls of the fruit they form 4 other cells. Seeds several, wingless, with a thick roughened coat.--Low branching annuals, clammy-p.u.b.escent, exhaling a heavy odor, stems thickish; leaves simple, rounded; flowers racemed, large. (Dedicated to _Prof. John Martyn_, of Cambridge, England.)

1 M. proboscidea, Glox. Leaves heart-shaped, oblique, entire or undulate, the upper alternate; corolla dull white or purplish, or spotted with yellow and purple; endocarp of the fruit crested on one side, long-beaked.--Banks of the Mississippi and its lower tributaries, from S. Ind., Ill., and Iowa, to northern Mexico. Also cultivated and naturalized farther north.

ORDER 80. ACANTHaCEae. (ACANTHUS FAMILY.)

_Chiefly herbs, with opposite simple leaves, didynamous or diandrous stamens, inserted on the tube of the more or less 2-lipped corolla, the lobes of which are convolute or imbricated in the bud; fruit a 2-celled and few- (4--12-) seeded capsule; seeds anatropous, without alb.u.men, usually flat and supported by hooked projections of the placentae (retinacula)._--Flowers commonly much bracted. Calyx 5-cleft. Style thread-form; stigma simple or 2-cleft. Pod loculicidal, usually flattened contrary to the valves and part.i.tion. Cotyledons broad and flat.--Mucilaginous and slightly bitter, not noxious. A large family in the warmer parts of the world; represented in gardens by THUNBERGIA, which differs from the rest by the globular pod and seeds, the latter not on hooks.

[*] Corolla not obviously bil.a.b.i.ate, the 5 lobes broad and roundish, spreading; stamens 4.

1. Calophanes. Calyx-lobes long-filiform. Capsule 2--4-seeded.

2. Ruellia. Calyx-lobes mostly linear or lanceolate. Capsule 6--20-seeded.

[*][*] Corolla bil.a.b.i.ate, upper lip erect and concave, lower spreading; stamens 2.