Part 118 (1/2)

12. G. angustiflia, Michx. Stems slender and ascending (6--15' high), mostly simple; leaves linear or the lower oblanceolate, rigid; corolla open-funnel-form (2' long), azure-blue, also a greenish and white variety, about twice the length of the thread-like calyx-lobes, its ovate spreading lobes twice as long as the cut-toothed appendages.--Moist pine barrens, N. J. to Fla.

PLEURoGYNE CARINTHACA, Griseb., var. PUSiLLA, Gray, a low few-flowered annual, with rotate blue or bluish 4--5 parted corolla and a pair of scale-like appendages on the base of its divisions, is found from the Arctic Coast to the Lower St. Lawrence and Newfoundland, and was reported by Pursh from the summits of the White Mountains, but has not since been found.

5. FRaSERA, Walt. AMERICAN COLUMBO.

Calyx deeply 4-parted. Corolla deeply 4-parted, wheel-shaped, each division with a glandular and fringed pit on the face. Filaments awl-shaped, usually somewhat monadelphous at base; anthers oblong, versatile. Style persistent; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule oval, flattened, 4--14-seeded. Seeds large and flat, wing-margined.--Tall and showy herbs, with a thick root, upright and mostly simple stems, bearing whorled leaves, and numerous peduncled flowers in open cymes, disposed in an ample elongated panicle. (Dedicated to _John Fraser_, an indefatigable collector in this country toward the close of the last century.)

1. F. Carolinensis, Walt. Smooth biennial or triennial (3--8 high); leaves mostly in fours, lance-oblong, the lowest spatulate, veiny; panicle pyramidal, loosely flowered; corolla (1' broad) light greenish-yellow, marked with small brown-purple dots, its divisions oblong, mucronate, longer than the narrowly lanceolate calyx-lobes, each with a large round gland below the middle; capsule much flattened parallel with the flat valves.--Rich dry soil, western N. Y. to Wisc., south to Ga.

6. HALeNIA, Borkh. SPURRED GENTIAN.

Calyx 4--5-parted. Corolla short bell-shaped, 4--5-cleft, without folds or fringe, prolonged at the base underneath the erect lobes into spurs, which are glandular in the bottom. Stigmas 2, sessile, persistent on the oblong flattish capsule. Seeds rather numerous, oblong.--Small and upright herbs, with yellowish or purplish panicled-cymose flowers.

(Named for _John Halen_, a German botanist.)

1. H. deflexa, Grisebach. Leafy annual or biennial (9--18' high), simple or branched above; leaves 3--5-nerved, the lowest oblong-spatulate and petioled, the others oblong-lanceolate, acute; spurs cylindrical, obtuse, curved, descending, half the length of the acutely 4-lobed corolla.--Damp and cool woods, from N. Maine and W. Ma.s.s. to L. Superior, Minn., and northward.

7. BARTNIA, Muhl.

Calyx 4-parted. Corolla deeply 4-cleft, dest.i.tute of glands, fringes, or folds. Stamens short. Capsule oblong, flattened, pointed with a large persistent at length 2-lobed stigma. Seeds minute, innumerable, covering the whole inner surface of the pod.--Small annuals or biennials (3--10'

high), with thread-like stems, and little awl-shaped scales in place of leaves. Flowers small, white, peduncled. (Dedicated to _Prof. Benjamin Smith Barton_, of Philadelphia.)

1. B. tenella, Muhl. Stems branched above, the branches or peduncles mostly opposite, 1--3-flowered; _lobes of the corolla oblong, acutish, rather longer than the calyx_, or sometimes twice as long; _anthers roundish_; ovary 4-angled, the cell somewhat cruciform.--Open woods, Newf. to Wisc., south to Va. and La. Aug.--Scales and branches occasionally alternate.

2. B. verna, Muhl. Stem 1--few-flowered; flowers 3--4” long, larger; _lobes of the corolla spatulate, obtuse, spreading, thrice the length of the calyx; anthers oblong_; ovary flat.--Bogs near the coast, S. Va. to Fla. and La. March.

8. OBOLaRIA, L.

Calyx of 2 spatulate spreading sepals, resembling the leaves. Corolla tubular-bell-shaped, withering-persistent, 4-cleft; the lobes oval-oblong, or with age spatulate, imbricated in the bud! Stamens inserted at the sinuses of the corolla, short. Style short, persistent; stigma 2-lipped. Capsule ovoid, 1-celled, the cell cruciform; the seeds covering the whole face of the walls.--A low and very smooth purplish-green perennial (3--8' high), with a simple or sparingly branched stem, opposite wedge-obovate leaves; the dull white or purplish flowers solitary or in cl.u.s.ters of three, terminal and axillary, nearly sessile; in spring. (Name from ?????, a small Greek coin, from the thick rounded leaves.)

1. O. Virginica, L. Herbaceous and rather fleshy, the lower leaves scale-like; flowers 4” long.--Moist woods, N. J. to Ill., south to Ga.

and Tex.

9. MENYaNTHES, Tourn. BUCKBEAN.

Calyx 5-parted. Corolla short funnel-form, 5-cleft, deciduous, the whole upper surface white-bearded, valvate in the bud with the margins turned inward. Style slender, persistent; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule bursting somewhat irregularly, many-seeded. Seed-coat hard, smooth, and s.h.i.+ning.--A perennial alternate-leaved herb, with a thickish creeping rootstock, sheathed by the membranous bases of the long petioles, which bear 3 oval or oblong leaflets; the flowers racemed on the naked scape (1 high), white or slightly reddish. (The ancient Theophrastian name, probably from ??, _month_, and ?????, _a flower_, some say from its flowering for about that time.)

1. M. trifoliata, L.--Bogs, N. J. and Penn. to Ind. and Iowa, and far north and westward. May, June. (Eu., Asia.)

10. LIMNaNTHEMUM, Gmelin. FLOATING HEART.

Calyx 5-parted. Corolla almost wheel-shaped, 5-parted, the divisions fringed or bearded at the base or margins only, folded inward in the bud, bearing a glandular appendage near the base. Style short or none; stigma 2-lobed, persistent. Capsule few--many-seeded, at length bursting irregularly. Seed-coat hard.--Perennial aquatics, with rounded floating leaves on very long petioles, which, in most species, bear near the summit the umbel of (polygamous) flowers, along with a cl.u.s.ter of short and spur-like roots, sometimes shooting forth new leaves from the same place, and so spreading by a sort of proliferous stolons, flowering all summer. (Name compounded of ????, _a marsh_ or _pool_, and ???e??, _a blossom_, from the situations where they grow.)

1. L. lacunsum, Grisebach. _Leaves entire_, round-heart-shaped (1--2'

broad), thickish, petioles filiform; lobes of the (white) corolla broadly oval, naked, except the crest-like yellowish gland at the base, twice the length of the lanceolate calyx-lobes; style none; _seeds smooth and even_.--Shallow water, from Maine to Minn., south to Fla. and La.

2. L. trachyspermum, Gray. _Leaves larger_ (2--6' broad) and rounder, thicker, often wavy-margined or crenate, roughish and dark-punctate or pitted beneath; petioles stouter; _seeds glandular-roughened_.--Ponds and streams, Md. and Va. to Fla. and Tex.