Part 74 (2/2)

2. C. florida, L. (FLOWERING DOGWOOD.) _Tree_ 12--40 high; leaves ovate, pointed, acutish at the base; _leaves of the involucre obcordate_ (1' long); _fruit oval_.--Dry woods, from S. New Eng. to Ont. and S.

Minn., south to Fla. and Tex. May, June. Very showy in flower, scarcely less so in fruit.

-- 2. _Flowers white, in open flat spreading cymes; involucre none; fruit spherical; leaves all opposite (except in n. 9)._

[*] _p.u.b.escence woolly and more or less spreading._

3. C. circinata, L'Her. (ROUND-LEAVED CORNEL or DOGWOOD.) Shrub 6--10 high; _branches greenish_, warty-dotted; _leaves round-oval, abruptly pointed, woolly beneath_ (2--5' broad); cymes flat; _fruit light blue_.--Copses, in rich or sandy soil, or on rocks, N. Scotia to Dak., south to Va. and Mo. June.

4. C. sericea, L. (SILKY CORNEL. KINNIKINNIK.) Shrub 3--10 high; _branches purplish; the branchlets, stalks, and lower surface of the narrowly ovate or elliptical pointed leaves silky-downy_ (often rusty), pale and dull; cymes flat, close; calyx-teeth lanceolate; _fruit pale blue_.--Wet places, Canada to Dak., south to Fla. and La. June.

5. C. asperiflia, Michx. _Branches brownish; the branchlets, etc., rough-p.u.b.escent; leaves oblong or ovate_, on short petioles, pointed, _rough_ with a harsh p.u.b.escence _above, and downy beneath_; calyx-teeth minute; fruit white. (C. Drummondii, _Mey._)--Dry or sandy soil, N.

sh.o.r.e of L. Erie to Minn. and the Gulf. May, June. A rather tall shrub.

[*][*] _p.u.b.escence closely appressed, straight and silky, or none._

6. C. stolonifera, Michx. (RED-OSIER DOGWOOD.) _Branches, especially the osier-like shoots_ of the season, _bright red-purple, smooth; leaves ovate_, rounded at base, abruptly short-pointed, roughish with a minute close p.u.b.escence on both sides, _whitish underneath_; cymes small and flat, rather few-flowered, smooth; _fruit white or lead-color_.--Wet places; common, especially northward. Multiplies freely by prostrate or subterranean suckers, and forms broad clumps, 3--6 high. June.

7. C. stricta, Lam. (STIFF CORNEL.) A shrub 8--15 high; branches brownish or reddish, smooth; _leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate_, taper-pointed, acutish at base, _glabrous, of nearly the same hue both sides; cymes loose, flattish_; _anthers and fruit pale blue_.--Swamps, Va. to Ga. and Fla. April, May.

8. C. paniculata, L'Her. (PANICLED CORNEL.) Shrub 4--8 high, much branched; _branches gray, smooth; leaves ovate-lanceolate_, taper-pointed, acute at base, _whitish beneath_ but not downy; _cymes convex, loose_, often panicled; _fruit white_, depressed-globose.--Thickets and river-banks. June.

9. C. alterniflia, L. f. Shrub or tree 8--25 high; _branches greenish streaked with white, the alternate leaves cl.u.s.tered at the ends_, ovate or oval, long-pointed, acute at base, whitish and minutely p.u.b.escent beneath; cymes very broad and open; _fruit deep blue_ on reddish stalks.--Hillsides in copses, N. Brunswick to Minn., south to Ga. and Ala. May, June.

2. NSSA, L. TUPELO. PEPPERIDGE. SOUR-GUM TREE.

Flowers diciously polygamous, cl.u.s.tered or rarely solitary at the summit of axillary peduncles. _Stam. Fl._ numerous in a simple or compound dense cl.u.s.ter of fascicles. Calyx small, 5-parted. Petals as in fertile flower or none. Stamens 5--12, oftener 10, inserted on the outside of a convex disk; filaments slender; anthers short. No pistil.

_Pist. Fl._ solitary, or 2--8, sessile in a bracted cl.u.s.ter, much larger than the staminate flowers. Calyx with a very short repand-truncate or minutely 5-toothed limb. Petals very small and fleshy, deciduous, or often wanting. Stamens 5--10, with perfect or imperfect anthers. Style elongated, revolute, stigmatic down one side. Ovary 1-celled. Drupe ovoid or oblong, with a bony and grooved or striate 1-celled and 1-seeded stone.--Trees with entire or sometimes angulate-toothed leaves, which are alternate, but mostly crowded at the ends of the branchlets, and greenish flowers appearing with the leaves. (The name of a Nymph: ”so called because it [the original species] grows in the water.”)

1. N. sylvatica, Marsh. (TUPELO. PEPPERIDGE. BLACK or SOUR GUM.) Middle-sized tree, with horizontal branches; leaves oval or obovate, commonly ac.u.minate, glabrous or villous p.u.b.escent when young, at least on the margins and midrib, s.h.i.+ning above when old (2--5' long); _fertile flowers 3--8_, at the summit of a slender peduncle; _fruit ovoid_, acid, _bluish-black_ (about ' long). (N. multiflora, _w.a.n.g._)--Rich soil, either moist or nearly dry, S. Maine and N. Vt. to Mich., south to Fla.

and Tex. April, May. Leaves turning bright crimson in autumn. Wood firm, close-grained and very unwedgeable, on account of the oblique direction and crossing of its fibres.

2. N. uniflra, w.a.n.g. (LARGE TUPELO.) A large tree; leaves oblong or ovate, sometimes slightly cordate at base, long-petioled, entire or angulate-toothed, pale and downy-p.u.b.escent beneath, at least when young (4--12' long); _fertile flower solitary_ on a slender peduncle; _fruit oblong, blue_ (1' or more in length).--Deep swamps, S. Va. to S. Ill.

and Mo., south to Fla. and Tex. April. Wood soft; that of the roots very light and spongy.

DIVISION II. GAMOPETALOUS DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS.

Floral envelopes consisting of both calyx and corolla, the latter composed of more or less united petals, that is, gamopetalous.[A]

[Footnote A: In certain families, as in Ericaceae, etc., the petals in some genera are nearly or quite separate. In Compositae and some others, the calyx is mostly reduced to a pappus, or a mere border, or even to nothing more than a covering of the surface of the ovary. The student might look for these in the first or the third division; but the _artificial a.n.a.lysis_ prefixed to the volume provides for such anomalies, and will lead him to the proper order.]

ORDER 51. CAPRIFOLIaCEae. (HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY.)

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