Part 49 (1/2)

16. PETALOSTeMON, Michx. PRAIRIE CLOVER.

Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla indistinctly papilionaceous; petals all on thread-shaped claws, 4 of them nearly similar and spreading, borne on the top of the monadelphous and cleft sheath of filaments, alternate with the 5 anthers; the fifth (standard) inserted in the bottom of the calyx, heart-shaped or oblong. Pod membranaceous, enclosed in the calyx, indehiscent, 1--2 seeded.--Chiefly perennial herbs, upright, glandular-dotted, with crowded odd-pinnate leaves, minute stipules, and small flowers in very dense terminal and peduncled heads or spikes.

(Name combined of the two Greek words for petal and stamen, alluding to the peculiar union of these organs in this genus.)

1. P. violaceus, Michx. _Smoothish; leaflets 5, narrowly linear; heads globose-ovate_, or oblong-cylindrical when old; bracts pointed, not longer than the silky-h.o.a.ry calyx; _corolla rose-purple_.--Dry prairies, Minn. to Ind. and Tex., west to the Rocky Mts. July.

2. P. candidus, Michx. _Smooth; leaflets 7--9, lanceolate or linear-oblong; heads oblong_, when old cylindrical; bracts awned, longer than the nearly glabrous calyx; _corolla white_.--With n. 1.

3. P. villsus, Nutt. _Soft-downy or silky_ all over; _leaflets 13--17, linear or oblong_, small (4--5” long); _spikes cylindrical_ (1--5'

long), short-peduncled, soft-villous; _corolla rose-color_.--Wisc. to Mo., west to the Rocky Mts.

4. P. folisus, Gray. _Smooth_, very leafy; _leaflets 15--29, linear-oblong; spikes cylindrical_, short-peduncled; bracts slender-awned from a lanceolate base, exceeding the glabrous calyx; _petals rose-color_.--River-banks, Ill. and Tenn.

5. P. multiflrus, Nutt. _Glabrous_ throughout, erect, branching; leaflets 3--9, linear to oblong; _spikes globose_, the subulate setaceous bracts much shorter than the acutely toothed calyx, petals white.--Kan. to Tex.

17. TEPHRSIA, Pers. h.o.a.rY PEA.

Calyx about equally 5-cleft. Standard roundish, usually silky outside, turned back, scarcely longer than the coherent wings and keel. Stamens monadelphous or diadelphous. Pod linear, flat, several seeded, 2-valved.--h.o.a.ry perennial herbs, with odd-pinnate leaves, and white or purplish racemed flowers. Leaflets mucronate, veiny. (Name from tef???, _ash-colored_ or _h.o.a.ry_.)

1. T. Virginiana, Pers. (GOAT'S RUE. CATGUT.) _Silky-villous_ with whitish hairs when young; _stem erect and simple_ (1--2 high), _leafy_ to the top; leaflets 17--29, linear-oblong; flowers large and numerous, cl.u.s.tered in a terminal _oblong dense raceme or panicle_, yellowish-white marked with purple.--Dry sandy soil. June, July.--Roots long and slender, very tough.

2. T. spicata, Torr. & Gray. _Villous with rusty hairs_; stems branched below, straggling or ascending (2 long), _few-leaved_; leaflets 9--15, obovate or oblong-wedge-shaped, often notched; _flowers few_, in a loose and interrupted _very long-peduncled spike_, reddish.--Dry soil, from Del. and Va. to Fla. and Miss. July.

3. T. hispidula, Pers. Hairy with some long and rusty or only minute and appressed p.u.b.escence; stems slender (9--24' long), divergently branched, straggling; leaflets 5--15, oblong, varying to obovate-wedge-shaped and oblanceolate; _peduncles longer than the leaves, 2--4-flowered_, flowers reddish-purple.--Dry sandy soil, Va. to Fla. and Ala.

18. INDIGFERA, L. INDIGO.

Calyx small, equally 5-cleft. Standard roundish, silky outside, wings coherent; keel erect, gibbous or spurred at base. Stamens diadelphous; connective gland-like. Pod 1--several-seeded, septate within between the seeds.--Herbs or shrubs, mostly canescent with appressed hairs fixed by the middle, with odd-pinnate faintly-nerved leaves, and pink or purplish flowers in naked axillary spikes. (So named because some of the species yield the indigo of commerce.)

1. I. leptosepala, Nutt. A perennial herb, --2 high; leaflets 5--9, oblanceolate; spikes very loose; pods linear, 6--9 seeded, obtusely 4-angled, reflexed, 1' long.--Kan. to Tex. and Fla.

19. ROBiNIA, L. LOCUST-TREE.

Calyx short, 5-toothed, slightly 2-lipped. Standard large and rounded, turned back, scarcely longer than the wings and keel. Stamens diadelphous. Pod linear, flat, several-seeded, margined on the seed-bearing edge, at length 2-valved.--Trees or shrubs, often with p.r.i.c.kly spines for stipules. Leaves odd-pinnate, the ovate or oblong leaflets stipellate. Flowers showy, in hanging axillary racemes. Base of the leaf-stalks covering the buds of the next year. (Named in honor of _John Robin_, herbalist to Henry IV. of France, and his son _Vespasian Robin_, who first cultivated the Locust-tree in Europe.)

1. R. Pseudacacia, L. (COMMON LOCUST or FALSE ACACIA.) Branches naked; _racemes slender, loose_; flowers white, fragrant; pod smooth.--S. Penn.

to Ind., Iowa, and southward. Commonly cultivated as an ornamental tree, and for its valuable timber; naturalized in many places. June.

2. R. viscsa, Vent. (CLAMMY L.) _Branchlets and leaf-stalks clammy; flowers crowded in oblong racemes_, tinged with rose-color, nearly inodorous; pod glandular-hispid.--Va. to N. C. and Ga., in the mountains. Cultivated, like the last, and often escaped. June.

3. R. hispida, L. (BRISTLY L. or ROSE ACACIA.) Shrub 3--8 high; _branchlets and stalks bristly_; flowers large and deep rose-color, inodorous; pods glandular-hispid.--Varies with less bristly or nearly naked branchlets; also with smaller flowers, etc.--Mts. of Va. to N. C.

and Ga. May, June.

20. WISTaRIA, Nutt.

Calyx campanulate, somewhat 2-lipped; upper lip of 2 short teeth, the lower of 3 longer ones. Standard roundish, large, turned back, with 2 callosities at its base; keel scythe-shaped; wings doubly auricled at the base. Stamens diadelphous. Pods elongated, thickish, k.n.o.bby, stipitate, many-seeded, at length 2-valved. Seeds large.--Woody twiners, climbing high, with minute stipules, pinnate leaves of 9--13 ovate-lanceolate leaflets, with or without minute stipels, and dense racemes of large and showy lilac-purple flowers. (Dedicated to the late _Professor Wistar_, of Philadelphia.)

1. W. frutescens, Poir. Downy or smoothish when old; wings of the corolla with one short auricle and an awl-shaped one as long as the claw.--Alluvial grounds, Va. to Fla., west to S. Ind., Kan. and La.