Part 27 (1/2)

3. D. heterophlla, Nutt. Tubers near the surface, jointed, narrowly oblong or thick-clavate, prominently tubercled; leaves 3-foliolate, the leaflets distinctly petiolate, oblong-lanceolate to linear, entire to rather deeply crenate, rarely laciniate or lobed; root-leaves with ovate or lanceolate and usually lobed leaflets.--Penn. to Ky. and southward.

Blooming a little later than the last.

4. D. maxima, Nutt. Tubers jointed, strongly tubercled; stem-leaves usually alternate, 3-foliolate; leaflets ovate or oblong-ovate, coa.r.s.ely toothed and somewhat cleft or lobed.--Vt. to western N. Y. and Penn.

May.

4. CARd.a.m.nE, Tourn. BITTER CRESS.

Pod linear, flattened, usually opening elastically from the base; the valves nerveless and veinless, or nearly so; placentas and part.i.tion thick. Seeds in a single row in each cell, wingless; their stalks slender. Cotyledons acc.u.mbent, flattened, equal or nearly so, petiolate.--Mostly glabrous perennials, leafy-stemmed, growing along watercourses and in wet places. Flowers white or purple. (A Greek name, in Dioscorides, for some cress, from its cordial or cardiacal qualities.)

[*] _Root perennial; leaves simple._

1. C. rhomboidea, DC. (SPRING CRESS.) _Stems upright from a tuberous base and slender rootstock bearing small tubers, simple_; root-leaves round and often heart-shaped; lower stem-leaves ovate or rhombic-oblong, somewhat petioled, the upper almost lanceolate, sessile, all often sparingly toothed; pods linear-lanceolate, pointed with a slender style tipped with a conspicuous stigma; _seeds round-oval_.--Wet meadows and springs; common. April--June.--Flowers large, white.

Var. purpurea, Torr. Lower (4--6' high), and usually slightly p.u.b.escent; flowers rose-purple, appearing earlier.--Along streams in rich soil.

Western N. Y. to Md. and Wisc.

2. C. rotundiflia, Michx. (MOUNTAIN WATER-CRESS.) _Stems branching, weak or dec.u.mbent, making long runners; root fibrous_; leaves all much alike, roundish, somewhat angled, often heart-shaped at the base, petioled; pods small, linear-awl-shaped, pointed with the slender style; stigma minute; _seeds oval-oblong_.--Cool shaded springs, N. J.

(Middletown, _Willis_) to Ky., and southward along the mountains. May, June.--Flowers white, smaller than in n. 1.

3. C. bellidiflia, L. _Dwarf_ (2--3' high), alpine, tufted; leaves ovate, entire, or sometimes with a blunt lateral tooth (4” long), on long petioles; pods 1' long, upright, linear; _style nearly none_, stout.--Summits of the White Mountains and Katahdin, Maine.

July.--Flowers 1--5, white. (Eu.)

[*][*] _Root perennial; leaves pinnate; flowers showy._

4. C. pratensis, L. (CUCKOO FLOWER.) Stem ascending from a short rootstock, simple; leaflets 7--13, those of the lower leaves rounded and stalked, of the upper oblong or linear, entire, or slightly angled-toothed; petals (white or rose-color) thrice the length of the calyx; pod 9--15” long, 1” broad; style short.--Wet places and bogs, Vt. to N. J., Wisc., and northward; rare. May. (Eu.)

[*][*][*] _Root mostly biennial or annual; leaves pinnate; flowers small, white._

5. C. hirsuta, L. (SMALL BITTER CRESS.) Glabrous or beset with scattered hairs; stems (3'--2 high) erect or ascending from the spreading cl.u.s.ter of root-leaves; their leaflets rounded, those of the upper leaves oblong or linear and often confluent, all either toothed, angled, or entire; pods linear, very narrow, erect or ascending; style variable.--Wet places; common. May--July. The ordinary form corresponds closely to the European var. SYLVaTICA, Gaud. The typical imperfectly developed annual form, with only 4 stamens and rather strict pods, occurs very rarely. A form answering to C. parviflora of Europe, with mostly linear leaflets and pods often erect on spreading pedicels, is occasionally found in drier localities. (Eu., Asia.)

5. aRABIS, L. ROCK CRESS.

Pod linear, flattened; placentas not thickened; the valves plane or convex, more or less 1-nerved in the middle, or longitudinally veiny.

Seeds usually margined or winged. Cotyledons acc.u.mbent or a little oblique.--Leaves seldom divided. Flowers white or purple. (Name from the country, _Arabia_. See _Linn. Phil. Bot._ -- 235.)

-- 1. ARABIS proper. _Seeds in one row in each cell, orbicular or nearly so, more or less wing-margined; cotyledons strictly acc.u.mbent._

[*] _Low, chiefly biennials, diffuse or spreading from the base._

1. A. Ludoviciana, Meyer. Nearly glabrous, often annual; leaves all pinnately parted into oblong or linear few-toothed or entire divisions, those of the lower leaves numerous; pedicels very short; flowers small, white; pods rather broadly linear, spreading, flat; seeds winged.--Open grounds, Va. to Mo., and southward.

[*][*] _Erect and simple leafy-stemmed biennials, with simple leaves, white or whitish flowers, narrow but flattened ascending or erect pods, and nearly wingless seeds._

2. A. patens, Sulliv. Downy with spreading hairs, erect (1--2 high); stem-leaves oblong-ovate, acutish, coa.r.s.ely toothed or the uppermost entire, partly clasping by the heart-shaped base; petals (bright white, 4” long) twice the length of the calyx; _pedicels slender, spreading; pods spreading or ascending, tipped with a distinct style_.--Penn. to central Ohio and southward; Minn. April, May.

3. A. hirsuta, Scop. Rough-hairy, sometimes smoothish, strictly erect (1--2 high); stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, entire or toothed, partly clasping by a somewhat arrow-shaped or heart-shaped base; petals (greenish-white) small, but longer than the calyx; _pedicels and pods strictly upright; style scarcely any_; immature seeds somewhat 2-rowed.--Rocks, common, especially northward. May, June. (Eu.)

[*][*][*] _Erect and simple leafy-stemmed biennials (1--3 high), with small whitish flowers, recurved-spreading or pendulous flat pods (3--4'