Part 21 (1/2)

E. HYEMaLIS, Salisb. Dwarf; flowers cup-shaped, 1' in diameter; petals shorter than the stamens.--Near Philadelphia. (Adv. from Eu.)

16. AQUILeGIA, Tourn. COLUMBINE.

Sepals 5, regular, colored like the petals. Petals 5, all alike, with a short spreading lip, produced backward into large hollow spurs, much longer than the calyx. Pistils 5, with slender styles. Pods erect, many-seeded.--Perennials, with 2--3-ternately compound leaves, the leaflets lobed. Flowers large and showy, terminating the branches. (Name from _aquilegus_, water-drawing.)

1. A. Canadensis, L. (WILD COLUMBINE.) Spurs nearly straight; stamens and styles longer than the ovate sepals.--Rocks, common.

April--June.--Flowers 2' long, scarlet, yellow inside (or rarely all over), nodding, so that the spurs turn upward, but the stalk becomes upright in fruit.

2. A. brevistyla, Hook. Flowers small, blue or purplish or nearly white; spurs incurved.--Red River valley, Dak.; Rocky Mts., northward.

A. VULGaRIS, L., the common GARDEN COLUMBINE, of Europe, with hooked spurs, is beginning to escape from cultivation in some places.

17. DELPHiNIUM, Tourn. LARKSPUR.

Sepals 5, irregular, petal-like; the upper one prolonged into a spur at the base. Petals 4, irregular, the upper pair continued backward into long spurs which are enclosed in the spur of the calyx, the lower pair with short claws; rarely only 2, united into one. Pistils 1--5, forming many-seeded pods in fruit.--Leaves palmately divided or cut. Flowers in terminal racemes. (Name from _Delphin_, in allusion to the shape of the flower, which is sometimes not unlike the cla.s.sical figures of the dolphin.)

[*] _Perennials, indigenous; pistils 3._

1. D. exaltatum, Ait. (TALL LARKSPUR.) Stem slender, 2--5 high; leaves deeply 3--5-cleft, the divisions narrow wedge-form, diverging, 3-cleft at the apex, acute; _racemes wand-like_, panicled, _many-flowered_; flowers purplish-blue, downy; spur straight; _pods erect_.--Rich soil, Penn. to Minn. and southward. July.

2. D. tricorne, Michx. (DWARF L.) Leaves deeply 5-parted, their divisions unequally 3--5-cleft; the lobes linear, acutish; _raceme few-flowered, loose_; spur straightish, ascending; _pods strongly diverging_.--W. Penn. to Minn. and southward. April, May.--Root a tuberous cl.u.s.ter. Stem simple, 6'--3 high. Flowers bright blue, sometimes white, occasionally numerous.

3. _D. azureum_, Michx. Leaves deeply 3--5-parted, the divisions 2--3 times cleft; the lobes all narrowly linear; _raceme strict_; spur ascending, usually curved upward; _pods erect_.--Wisc. to Dak. and southward. May, June.--Stem 1--2 high, slender, often softly p.u.b.escent.

Flowers sky-blue or whitish.

[*][*] _Annual, introduced; petals 2, united into one body; pistil single._

D. CONSoLIDA, L. (FIELD L.) Leaves dissected into narrow linear lobes; inflorescence loosely paniculate; pedicels shorter than the bracts; pod glabrous.--Old grain-fields, Penn. and Va.; also sparingly along roadsides farther north. (Nat. from Eu.)

D. AJaCIS, L. Flowers more numerous and spicately racemose; pods p.u.b.escent.--Sparingly escaped from gardens in E. Atlantic States. (Nat.

from Eu.)

18. ACONTUM, Tourn. ACONITE. MONKSHOOD. WOLFSBANE.

Sepals 5, petal-like, very irregular; the upper one (helmet) hooded or helmet-shaped, larger than the others. Petals 2 (the 3 lower wanting entirely, or very minute rudiments among the stamens), consisting of small spur-shaped bodies raised on long claws and concealed under the helmet. Pistils 3--5. Pods several-seeded. Seed-coat usually wrinkled or scaly.--Perennials, with palmately cleft or dissected leaves, and showy flowers in racemes or panicles. (The ancient Greek and Latin name, of uncertain origin.)

1. A. Noveboracense, Gray. Erect from tuberous-thickened roots, 2 high, leafy, _the summit and_ strict loosely flowered _raceme p.u.b.escent_; leaves rather deeply parted, the broadly cuneate divisions 3-cleft and incised; flowers blue, _the helmet gibbous-obovate_ with broad rounded summit and short descending beak.--Chenango and Orange Cos., N. Y.

2. A. uncinatum, L. (WILD MONKSHOOD.) Glabrous; _stem slender, from tuberous-thickened roots, erect_, but weak and disposed to climb; _leaves firm, deeply 3--5-lobed_, petioled, the lobes ovate-lanceolate, coa.r.s.ely toothed; _flowers blue; helmet erect, obtusely conical_, compressed, slightly beaked in front.--Rich shady soil along streams, Penn., and southward in the mountains; Wisc. June--Aug.

3. A. reclinatum, Gray. (TRAILING WOLFSBANE.) Glabrous; stems trailing (3--8 long); _leaves deeply 3--7-cleft_, petioled, the lower orbicular in outline; the divisions wedge-form, incised, often 2--3-lobed; _flowers white_, in very loose panicles; _helmet soon horizontal, elongated-conical_, with a straight beak in front.--Cheat Mountain, Va., and southward in the Alleghanies. Aug.--Lower leaves 5--6' wide.

Flowers 9” long, nearly glabrous.

19. CIMICiFUGA, L. BUGBANE.