Part 10 (1/2)

16 Hicks, p. 176. Mary's description of her abortions is from her Hicks, p. 176. Mary's description of her abortions is from her Confessions Confessions, Bowes, p. 89.

17 Bowes, pp. 88-9. Bowes, pp. 88-9.

18 Foote, pp. 17-18 and 37. Foote, pp. 17-18 and 37.

19 Bowes, pp. 79-80 and 36; bond between MEB and Joshua Peele, 22 April 1776: DCRO SEA D/St/D1/14/31. Bowes, pp. 79-80 and 36; bond between MEB and Joshua Peele, 22 April 1776: DCRO SEA D/St/D1/14/31.

20 Bowes, p. 27. Bowes, p. 27.

21 The hon. Mrs Boscawen to Mrs Delany 1776 [c. June/July], cited in Llanover, vol. 2, p. 237; Foot, p. 16. The hon. Mrs Boscawen to Mrs Delany 1776 [c. June/July], cited in Llanover, vol. 2, p. 237; Foot, p. 16.

22 Bowes, pp. 92-3. Bowes, pp. 92-3.

23 Bowes, pp. 11-12. Graham's death is recorded in Bowes, pp. 11-12. Graham's death is recorded in Scots Magazine Scots Magazine 1779, obituary of James Graham, 31 January 1779, p. 110. 1779, obituary of James Graham, 31 January 1779, p. 110.

24 Journal Book Copy, RS, vol. 28, 1774-77, pp. 368-72; 388-91; 393-6. Ma.s.son's account was read at three meetings of the RS, in February 1776, in the form of a letter to the president, Dr John Pringle. Journal Book Copy, RS, vol. 28, 1774-77, pp. 368-72; 388-91; 393-6. Ma.s.son's account was read at three meetings of the RS, in February 1776, in the form of a letter to the president, Dr John Pringle.

25 Journal Book Copy, RS, vol. 28, 1774-77, p. 444. Background on Penneck (1728-1803) and Planta (1744-1827) can be found in ODNB, vol. 43, pp. 573-4 and vol. 44, pp. 519-21. 26 O'Brian, pp. 100 and 130; Beaglehole, pp. 140, 232-3. Information on his brother, Captain Magra, is from Millan, p. 70. Journal Book Copy, RS, vol. 28, 1774-77, p. 444. Background on Penneck (1728-1803) and Planta (1744-1827) can be found in ODNB, vol. 43, pp. 573-4 and vol. 44, pp. 519-21. 26 O'Brian, pp. 100 and 130; Beaglehole, pp. 140, 232-3. Information on his brother, Captain Magra, is from Millan, p. 70.

27 There were at least five Planta daughters: Frederica (c. 1751-1778) and Margaret, who were both governesses to the royal family; Elizabeth Planta (later Mrs Parish), the second eldest daughter, who worked for MEB and must have married John Parish between 1776 and 1778; Ann Eliza Planta (c. 1757, still alive 1807, later Eliza Stephens), who replaced her sister as governess to MEB in July 1776; Ursula Barbara Planta, who was left money in Mrs Bowes's will; the latter may have become Mrs Minnicks, who emigrated to America, or this could have been a sixth sister. There were at least five Planta daughters: Frederica (c. 1751-1778) and Margaret, who were both governesses to the royal family; Elizabeth Planta (later Mrs Parish), the second eldest daughter, who worked for MEB and must have married John Parish between 1776 and 1778; Ann Eliza Planta (c. 1757, still alive 1807, later Eliza Stephens), who replaced her sister as governess to MEB in July 1776; Ursula Barbara Planta, who was left money in Mrs Bowes's will; the latter may have become Mrs Minnicks, who emigrated to America, or this could have been a sixth sister.

28 Foot, pp. 11-12. Foot, pp. 11-12.

29 Bowes, p. 6. Bowes, p. 6.

30 Details of Stoney's life at this point are from Foot, p. 9. Details of Stoney's life at this point are from Foot, p. 9.

31 Ma.s.singberd, pp. 178-81. Ma.s.singberd, pp. 178-81.

32 Anon [Anne Ma.s.singberd] to ARS, 1 November 1776: SPG, volume C. Anon [Anne Ma.s.singberd] to ARS, 1 November 1776: SPG, volume C.

33 Doc.u.ments relating to an appeal by ARS to the House of Lords against a Chancery decision: SPG, volume C. Anon, Doc.u.ments relating to an appeal by ARS to the House of Lords against a Chancery decision: SPG, volume C. Anon, A full and accurate report of the trial A full and accurate report of the trial, p. 2. Individuals could not be declared bankrupt unless they traded in some manner.

34 Anon, Anon, A full and accurate report of the trial A full and accurate report of the trial, p. 10.

35 David Walson [tailor] to ARS, 20 July 1775: DCRO SEA D/St/C1/13/1. David Walson [tailor] to ARS, 20 July 1775: DCRO SEA D/St/C1/13/1.

36 Bowes, p. 29. Bowes, p. 29.

37 ARB to MEB, 24 July [1776]: SPG, volume C. ARB to MEB, 24 July [1776]: SPG, volume C.

38 Anon [Anne Ma.s.singberd] to ARS, 1 November 1776: SPG, volume C. Anon [Anne Ma.s.singberd] to ARS, 1 November 1776: SPG, volume C.

39 Testimony of Ann Eliza Stephens (nee Planta), 23 February 1788: NADEL 2/12; Bowes, p. 7. The legal case is cited in Hill, Bridget, p. 140. Testimony of Ann Eliza Stephens (nee Planta), 23 February 1788: NADEL 2/12; Bowes, p. 7. The legal case is cited in Hill, Bridget, p. 140.

40 Foot, p. 18. Foot, p. 18.

41 Thackeray, p. 143. Thackeray, p. 143.

42 Anon [Anne Ma.s.singberd] to ARS, 1 November 1776: SPG, volume C. Anon [Anne Ma.s.singberd] to ARS, 1 November 1776: SPG, volume C.

43 Rate book, Chelsea, 1775-80, Kensington Library, 13 March 1777; Foot, p. 13. Most references to Stanley House state that MEB bought the property from Mary Southwell in 1777. However, the rate book for March 1777 shows that MEB had paid the previous three months' rates ie since December 1776. This agrees with Foot's a.s.sertion that she owned the house prior to her marriage with ARS. For information about Stanley House see London County Council, vol. 4, pp. 43-4; Faulkner, vol. 1, pp. 55-60. Stanley House was sold, reputedly to a Russian millionaire, in 2004 (personal communication, Hampton estate agents, May 2007). Rate book, Chelsea, 1775-80, Kensington Library, 13 March 1777; Foot, p. 13. Most references to Stanley House state that MEB bought the property from Mary Southwell in 1777. However, the rate book for March 1777 shows that MEB had paid the previous three months' rates ie since December 1776. This agrees with Foot's a.s.sertion that she owned the house prior to her marriage with ARS. For information about Stanley House see London County Council, vol. 4, pp. 43-4; Faulkner, vol. 1, pp. 55-60. Stanley House was sold, reputedly to a Russian millionaire, in 2004 (personal communication, Hampton estate agents, May 2007).

44 No definite date for the marriage has been found but Eliza would later say she was married in November 1776. Anon, No definite date for the marriage has been found but Eliza would later say she was married in November 1776. Anon, A full and accurate report of the trial A full and accurate report of the trial, p. 29.

45 Thomas Mahon, Bowes's valet, would testify to seeing Bowes emerge from Eliza's bedroom at Gibside at 5 one morning in early 1777. Anon, Thomas Mahon, Bowes's valet, would testify to seeing Bowes emerge from Eliza's bedroom at Gibside at 5 one morning in early 1777. Anon, A full and accurate report of the trial A full and accurate report of the trial, p. 29.

46 Anonymous letter [MEB and Eliza Planta to Revd Henry Stephens], n.d. [December 1776], submitted by ARS in evidence in divorce case: LMA, DL/c/561/4. The letter refers to Eliza being then nineteen. Bowes, p. 26. Anonymous letter [MEB and Eliza Planta to Revd Henry Stephens], n.d. [December 1776], submitted by ARS in evidence in divorce case: LMA, DL/c/561/4. The letter refers to Eliza being then nineteen. Bowes, p. 26.

47 Anonymous letter [MEB and Eliza Planta to Revd Henry Stephens], n.d. [December 1776], submitted by ARS in evidence in divorce case: LMA, DL/c/561/4. This comment would later be produced as evidence that Hunter had helped her attempt an abortion. Evidence of John Hunter, anon, Anonymous letter [MEB and Eliza Planta to Revd Henry Stephens], n.d. [December 1776], submitted by ARS in evidence in divorce case: LMA, DL/c/561/4. This comment would later be produced as evidence that Hunter had helped her attempt an abortion. Evidence of John Hunter, anon, The Trial of Andrew Robinson Bowes, Esq; first heard in the Arches The Trial of Andrew Robinson Bowes, Esq; first heard in the Arches, pp. 96-103.

48 Foot, pp. 22-4. Foot, pp. 22-4.

49 Vickers, p. 59. Vickers, p. 59.

CHAPTER 6: BOWES AND FREEDOM.

Events leading up to MEB's marriage with ARB and immediately after are related in Foot, pp. 45-9 and 'Lady Strathmore's Narrative from the time of her Marriage 'till she left Mr Stoney': SPG, vol. 332. The latter, which is the first of two volumes handwritten by MEB describing events in her life, is undated but was completed by MEB c. 1795. It is hereafter referred to as Narrative.

1 Morning Post Morning Post, 12 December 1776. The other letters appeared as follows: Monitus, 24 December 1776; Hamlet, 3 January 1777; Monitus, 7 January 1777.

2 Narrative, p. 1. She explains her decision to marry ARB on p. 6. His application for a marriage licence can be found as Marriage allegation, Andrew Robinson Stoney, 16 January 1777: GL Ms 10091/138. Narrative, p. 1. She explains her decision to marry ARB on p. 6. His application for a marriage licence can be found as Marriage allegation, Andrew Robinson Stoney, 16 January 1777: GL Ms 10091/138.

3 Anon, Allegations against the Countess of Strathmore, p. 8 in anon, Anon, Allegations against the Countess of Strathmore, p. 8 in anon, The Trial of Andrew Robinson Bowes, Esq., first heard in the Arches. The Trial of Andrew Robinson Bowes, Esq., first heard in the Arches.

4 Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser, 24 January 1777.

5 Evidence of Jesse Foot, anon, Evidence of Jesse Foot, anon, The Trial of Andrew Robinson Bowes, Esq., first heard in the Arches The Trial of Andrew Robinson Bowes, Esq., first heard in the Arches, pp. 90-2; Foot, pp. 12 and 8.

6 Narrative, p. 12; Bate's comment is from Fyvie, p. 91. Narrative, p. 12; Bate's comment is from Fyvie, p. 91.

7 Fortescue, vol. 5, p. 471 and vol. 6, p. 7. In 1782 George III refused to pay a final pension to 'that worthless man' who by that point vocally supported the Prince of Wales. Fortescue, vol. 5, p. 471 and vol. 6, p. 7. In 1782 George III refused to pay a final pension to 'that worthless man' who by that point vocally supported the Prince of Wales.

8 'A Baite for the Devil', 1779, cited in George, vol. 5, no. 5550, p. 332. 'A Baite for the Devil', 1779, cited in George, vol. 5, no. 5550, p. 332.

9 Sheridan; Rhodes, pp. 40-5, 71-2. Foot reveals that Bate had met Garrick shortly after the duel: Foot, pp. 39-40. Sheridan; Rhodes, pp. 40-5, 71-2. Foot reveals that Bate had met Garrick shortly after the duel: Foot, pp. 39-40.

10 Evidence of Thomas Mahon, anon, Evidence of Thomas Mahon, anon, A full and accurate report of the trial A full and accurate report of the trial, pp. 9-10.

11 Newcastle Journal Newcastle Journal, 31 May 1788.

12 Narrative, p. 4. She describes Bate's letter in MEB, 'An Account of the Inns when I was carried off and a comparison between Major Semple and Mr Stoney': SPG, vol. 333, p. 128. Narrative, p. 4. She describes Bate's letter in MEB, 'An Account of the Inns when I was carried off and a comparison between Major Semple and Mr Stoney': SPG, vol. 333, p. 128.

13 William Scott to Henry Scott, postmarked 20 March [1777] in Surtees, William, p. 48; Foot, p. 53. Foot describes the revived argument with Bate as happening during the summer but this letter shows it took place earlier. The quote from Bate is from Foot, p. 57. The description of ARB as a 'coward' is from Foot, p. 9. William Scott to Henry Scott, postmarked 20 March [1777] in Surtees, William, p. 48; Foot, p. 53. Foot describes the revived argument with Bate as happening during the summer but this letter shows it took place earlier. The quote from Bate is from Foot, p. 57. The description of ARB as a 'coward' is from Foot, p. 9.

14 Arnold, pp. 63-70. Arnold argues that MEB conspired with Stoney to stage the duel in order to provide an excuse for marrying him rather than Gray but that Bate was an innocent party in the ensuing encounter. However, there is no direct evidence for her role, later trials found that the conspiracy was all Stoney's and various reports point to Bate's guilt. Arnold, pp. 63-70. Arnold argues that MEB conspired with Stoney to stage the duel in order to provide an excuse for marrying him rather than Gray but that Bate was an innocent party in the ensuing encounter. However, there is no direct evidence for her role, later trials found that the conspiracy was all Stoney's and various reports point to Bate's guilt.