Part 15 (1/2)

ii., Doc.u.ment No. 1039b; Timothy Flint, History and Geography of the Mississippi Valley; and H. S. Tanner [publisher], View of the Valley of the Mississippi, both cited above.

Navigation and s.h.i.+pping.--See the above and the following: W. H.

Bates, American Navigation: the Political History of Its Rise and Ruin, and the Proper Means for Its Encouragement (1902); W. L.

Marvin, The American Merchant Marine: Its History and Romance from 1620 to 1902 (1902); D. A. Wells, Our Merchant Marine: How It Rose, Increased, Became Great, Declined, and Decayed (1882). In these works there is a tendency to controversy.

Finance.--The best manual on the financial history of the period is Davis R. Dewey, Financial History of the United States (1903), clear and judicious, with full bibliography. The best accounts of banking are: R. C. H. Catterall, The Second Bank of the United States (University of Chicago, Decennial Publications, 2d series, II., 1903); W. G. Sumner, A History of Banking in the United States (in A History of Banking in All the Leading Nations, I.), 1896.

Manufactures.--On the development of manufactures, see C. D. Wright, Industrial Evolution of the United States (1905); William Bagnall, Textile Industries of the United States (1893); J. L. Bishop, A History of American Manufactures from 1608 to 1860 (3d edition, 3 vols., 1868); S. N. D. North, A Century of Wool Manufacture (a.s.sociation of Wool Manufacturers, Bulletin, 1894); J. M. Sw.a.n.k, History of the Manufacture of Iron (1884, revised 1892); Eleventh Census of the United States, Report on Manufacturing Industries (1890). American State Papers, Finance, IV.; Secretary of the Treasury, Report, 1854-1855 (Executive Doc.u.ments, 34 Cong., 1 Sess., No. 10). 86-92, valuable statistics.

The Tariff.--For the history of the tariff in the decade, the following are useful: O. L. Elliott, The Tariff Controversy in the United States, 1789-1833 (Leland Stanford, Jr., University, Monographs, History and Economics, No. 1, 1892); Edward Stanwood, American Tariff Controversies in the Nineteenth Century (2 vols., 1903); F. W. Taussig, Tariff History of the United States (1888); American State Papers, Finance, III.-V., memorials up to 1828; Edward Young, Special Report on the Customs-Tariff of the United States (1872); Committee on Finance, U. S. Senate, The Existing Tariff on Imports into the United States, etc., and the Free List, together with Comparative Tables of Present and Past Tariffs, and Other Statistics Relating Thereto (Senate Reports, 48 Cong., 1 Sess., No. 12).cited as Tariff Compilation of 1884.

Labor.--The labor movement in the period is as yet insufficiently studied; but see John B. McMaster, History of the People of the United States, V.; and R. T. Ely, The Labor Movement in America (1886; 3d edition, 1890); G. E. McNeill, The Labor Movement, the Problem of To-Day (1887); John B. McMaster, Acquisition of the Rights of Man in America, above mentioned; C. D. Wright, The Industrial Evolution of the United States (1895).

Land.--On the land question, the American State Papers, Public Lands, are the main reliance. See also Thomas Donaldson, The Public Domain: Its History, with Statistics (Was.h.i.+ngton, 1884; also in House Miscellaneous Doc.u.ments, 47 Cong., 2 Sess., XIX., 1882-1883); Emerick, The Credit System and the Public Domain (Vanderbilt Southern History Society, Publications, No. 3, 1899). The actual operation of the land system may be studied in the emigrant guides and works of travelers previously cited.

INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS

General Views.--Upon the internal improvements of the United States note the following: [G. Armroyd], Connected View of the Whole Internal Navigation of the United States (Philadelphia, 1826; 2d edition, 1830); G. T. Poussin, Travaux d'ameliorations interieurs des Etats-Unis de 1824 a 1831 (Paris, 1836); S. A. Mitch.e.l.l, Compendium of the Internal Improvements of the United States (Philadelphia, 1835); Michel Chevalier, Society, Manners, and Politics in the United States (Boston, 1839); D. Hewett, The American Traveller; or, National Directory Containing an Account of all the Great Post-Roads and Most Important Cross-Roads in the United States (Was.h.i.+ngton, 1825). The best estimate of the significance of internal improvements in this period is G. S.

Callender, ”Early Transportation and Banking Enterprises of the States in Relation to the Growth of Corporations,” in Quarterly Journal of Economics, XVII., 3-54. A useful history of federal internal improvement legislation is H. G. Wheeler, History of Congress (1848), II., 109-513. J. L. Ringwalt, Development of Transportation Systems in the United States (1888), a summary but valuable account; H. V. Poor, Sketch of the Rise and Progress of Internal Improvements, in his Manual of the Railroads of the United States for 1881.

Official Publications.--Especially significant are: Niles' Register, x.x.xVI., 168, a statement of the amount of money expended in each state and territory upon works of internal improvement to October 1, 1828; J. C. Calhoun's report on carrying out the general survey act of 1824, in his Works, V., 137-147; the historical survey of the ca.n.a.ls of the United States, Census of the United States, 1880, IV.