Part 3 (1/2)

_Correct the following, giving the reason for each correction:--_ 1 A dog and a cat's head are differently shaped

2 Whose Greek grammar do you prefer--Goodwin or Hadley?

3 It is neither the captain nor the er's duty

4 I consulted Webster, Stormonth, and Worcester's dictionary

5 I like Hawthorne better than Irving's style

6 John, Henry and William's nose resembled one another

7 The novel is one of Scott

8 I have no time to listen to either John or Joseph's talk

SINGULAR and PLURAL[15]--In”s” to the singular The following variations from this rule are important:--

1 When the added sound of ”s” makes an additional syllable, ”es” is used: as, box, boxes; church, churches

2 NOUNS ENDING IN ”O” If the final ”o” is preceded by a vowel, the plural is for ”s”: as, cameo, cameos If the final ”o” is preceded by a consonant, the tendency of”es”: as, hero, heroes; potato, potatoes The following co ”s” alone:--

canto lasso proviso torso duodecimo memento quarto tyro halo octavo solo junto piano stiletto

3 NOUNS ENDING IN ”Y” If the ”y” is preceded by a vowel, the plural is regular: as, valley, valleys

If the ”y” is preceded by a consonant, ”y” is changed to ”i” and ”es” is added to form the plural: as, lady, ladies; city, cities

4 PROPER NOUNS are changed as little as possible: as, Henry, Henrys; Mary, Marys; Cicero, Ciceros; Nero, Neros

5 Most COMPOUND NOUNS forn of the plural to the fundamental part of the word, ie, to the part which is described by the rest of the phrase: as, ox-cart, ox-carts; court-martial, courts-martial; aide-de-camp, aides-de-camp

Note the difference between the _plural_ and the _possessive_ of coe 16

6 Letters, figures, and other sy an apostrophe and ”s” ('s): as, ”There are more _e's_ than _a's_ in this word”; ”Dot your _i's_ and cross your _t's_”

7 So:--

_Singular Plural_

brother brothers (by birth), brethren (of a society)

die dies (for coining or sta), dice (for play)

fish fishes (separate fish), fish (collective)

index indexes (in books), indices (in algebra)

penny pennies (separate coins), pence (sues), shot (balls)

staff staves (poles), staffs (bodies of assistants)

[15] ”Foundations,” pp 45-47

EXERCISE XI[16]

_Write the plural of_: Lash, cage, race, buffalo, echo, canto, volcano, portfolio, ally, money, solo, memento, mosquito, baro, baby, calf, oose-quill, canon, quail, ht-errant,[17] donkey, spoonful, aide-de-caeneral, pony, reply, talisman, court-martial, father-in-law, court-yard, man-trap, Brahman, journey, Henry, stepson, deer, mouthful, Miss Clark,[18] Mr Jones, Dr Brown, Dutchet-me-not, poet-laureate, e, bill-of-fare

[16] To THE TEACHER--To have its full value this should be given as a dictation exercise