Part 22 (1/2)

4 ”I didn't believe all her stories”: Dodd, ”I didn't believe all her stories”: Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 24.

5 ”What a youthful, carefree”: de Jonge, 140. ”What a youthful, carefree”: de Jonge, 140.

6 Within days she found herself: Dodd, Within days she found herself: Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 24.

7 ”their funny stiff dancing”: Ibid., 24. ”their funny stiff dancing”: Ibid., 24.

8 ”weren't thieves”: Ibid., 25. ”weren't thieves”: Ibid., 25.

9 the the Berliner Schnauze: Berliner Schnauze: Jelavich, 31. Jelavich, 31.

10 ”I'm not Jewish”: Grunberger, 371; de Jonge, 161; for more on Finck, see Jelavich, 23641, 248. ”I'm not Jewish”: Grunberger, 371; de Jonge, 161; for more on Finck, see Jelavich, 23641, 248.

11 ”The sun s.h.i.+nes”: Isherwood, ”The sun s.h.i.+nes”: Isherwood, Berlin Stories Berlin Stories, 207.

It cannot be said enough that Germany's seeming normalcy in this period was deeply seductive to outsiders. Angela Schwarz, in her article ”British Visitors to National Socialist Germany,” writes that ”a considerable number of British travellers concluded after a tour through the Third Reich, perhaps even one organized by the authorities, that in Germany everything was as quiet and peaceful as could be.” Schwarz, 497.

12 Gleichschaltung Gleichschaltung-meaning ”coordination”: Orlow, 29; Bullock, 149; Kershaw, Hubris Hubris, 479; Hughes and Mann, 81; Gill, 238.

Engelmann, 36, offers a slightly different translation: ”bringing into line.” Orlow, in his History of the n.a.z.i Party History of the n.a.z.i Party, notes that the literal translation is ”to switch equal,” a physics term that ”originally denoted the coordination of different types of electrical current.” Orlow, 29.

13 ”self-coordination”: Kershaw, ”self-coordination”: Kershaw, Hubris Hubris, 481; Gisevius, 96; Gellately, Gestapo Gestapo, 11, 137.

14 Gerda Laufer: Gellately, Gerda Laufer: Gellately, Gestapo Gestapo, 97.

15 coined by a post office clerk: Crankshaw, 15. coined by a post office clerk: Crankshaw, 15.

16 One study of n.a.z.i records: Cited in Gellately, One study of n.a.z.i records: Cited in Gellately, Gestapo Gestapo, 146.

17 In October 1933: Gellately, In October 1933: Gellately, Gestapo Gestapo, 13738.

18 ”we are living at present”: Ibid., 139. ”we are living at present”: Ibid., 139.

There was nothing funny about the Gestapo, but this did not stop Berliners from quietly-very quietly-coining and trading jokes about the agency. Here's one of them: ”At the Belgian border crossing, huge numbers of rabbits appear one day and declare that they are political refugees. 'The Gestapo wants to arrest all giraffes as enemies of the state.'-'But you're not giraffes!'-'We know that, but try explaining that to the Gestapo!'” Evans, Power Power, 106.

19 only about 1 percent: Dippel, xviii; Gill, 238. only about 1 percent: Dippel, xviii; Gill, 238.

Kershaw, in his Popular Opinion and Political Dissent Popular Opinion and Political Dissent, presents statistics that show that 70.9 percent of Germany's Jews lived in cities having more than 100,000 inhabitants. In Bavaria, the percentage was 49.5. ”One implication of this is obvious,” he writes: ”the population of large tracts of Bavaria had no, or at best minimal, contact with Jews. For very many, therefore, the Jewish Question could be of no more than abstract significance.” Kershaw, Popular Opinion Popular Opinion, 22627.

20 some ten thousand emigres: Dippel, 114. some ten thousand emigres: Dippel, 114.

21 ”Hardly anyone thought”: Zuckmayer, 320. ”Hardly anyone thought”: Zuckmayer, 320.

22 ”It was easy to be rea.s.sured”: Dippel, 153. ”It was easy to be rea.s.sured”: Dippel, 153.

23 The salute, he wrote: Messersmith to Hull, Aug. 8, 1933, Messersmith Papers. The salute, he wrote: Messersmith to Hull, Aug. 8, 1933, Messersmith Papers.

24 ”I felt really quite fortunate”: Ibid., 4. ”I felt really quite fortunate”: Ibid., 4.

25 Dodd threw him a mock salute: Martha to Thornton Wilder, Sept. 25, 1933, Wilder Papers. Dodd threw him a mock salute: Martha to Thornton Wilder, Sept. 25, 1933, Wilder Papers.

26 ”You remember our bicycle ride”: George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Oct. 22, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. ”You remember our bicycle ride”: George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Oct. 22, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.

27 ”You had had it”: Ibid. ”You had had it”: Ibid.

28 ”To my charming and lovely ex-wife”: George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, n.d., Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. ”To my charming and lovely ex-wife”: George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, n.d., Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.

29 ”I'm not at all sure”: George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Oct. 22, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. ”I'm not at all sure”: George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Oct. 22, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.

30 A Harvard graduate: Conradi, 22. A Harvard graduate: Conradi, 22.

Chapter 7: Hidden Conflict.

1 ”the most beautiful park”: Dodd to R. Walton Moore, March 22, 1936, 124.621/338, State/Decimal. ”the most beautiful park”: Dodd to R. Walton Moore, March 22, 1936, 124.621/338, State/Decimal.

2 ”A photograph of you”: Phillips to Dodd, July 31, 1933, Box 42, W. E. Dodd Papers. ”A photograph of you”: Phillips to Dodd, July 31, 1933, Box 42, W. E. Dodd Papers.

3 ”rolled in the gutter”: Martha to Thornton Wilder, Sept. 25, 1933, Wilder Papers. ”rolled in the gutter”: Martha to Thornton Wilder, Sept. 25, 1933, Wilder Papers.

4 ”Gordon is an industrious career man”: Dodd, ”Gordon is an industrious career man”: Dodd, Diary Diary, 16.

5 ”come to Germany to rectify the wrongs”: Ibid., 13. ”come to Germany to rectify the wrongs”: Ibid., 13.

6 On his first full day in Berlin: Friedlander, 496. On his first full day in Berlin: Friedlander, 496.

7 He also learned that staff: Dodd to Hull, July 17, 1933, 124.626/95, State/Decimal. He also learned that staff: Dodd to Hull, July 17, 1933, 124.626/95, State/Decimal.

8 The consul general now dispatched: For example, Messersmith to Hull, July 15, 1933, 125.1956/221, State/Decimal. The consul general now dispatched: For example, Messersmith to Hull, July 15, 1933, 125.1956/221, State/Decimal.

9 In notes for a personnel report: Dodd, Memorandum, 1933, Box 40 (1933-C), W. E. Dodd Papers. In notes for a personnel report: Dodd, Memorandum, 1933, Box 40 (1933-C), W. E. Dodd Papers.

10 ”Evangelical Christian”: ”Evangelical Christian”: New York Times New York Times, July 1, 1933.

11 He also recognized: For a summary of the conflict between Hitler and Rohm, see Evans, He also recognized: For a summary of the conflict between Hitler and Rohm, see Evans, Power Power, 2026; Kershaw, Hubris Hubris, 5057; and Wheeler-Bennett, Nemesis Nemesis, 30711.

12 admittedly h.o.m.os.e.xual: Rohm was outed when his letters to a medical researcher were made public. In one letter he wrote, ”I make no secret of my inclinations,” and acknowledged that the n.a.z.i Party had needed ”to get used to this criminal peculiarity of mine.” He also wrote, ”Today all women are an abomination to me, particularly those who pursue me with their love.” admittedly h.o.m.os.e.xual: Rohm was outed when his letters to a medical researcher were made public. In one letter he wrote, ”I make no secret of my inclinations,” and acknowledged that the n.a.z.i Party had needed ”to get used to this criminal peculiarity of mine.” He also wrote, ”Today all women are an abomination to me, particularly those who pursue me with their love.”

Hanc.o.c.k, 62529.

13 ”adolescents in the great game”: Dodd to Newton Baker, Aug. 12, 1933, Box 40, W. E. Dodd Papers. ”adolescents in the great game”: Dodd to Newton Baker, Aug. 12, 1933, Box 40, W. E. Dodd Papers.