Part 13 (2/2)

”'How is it, I should like to ask,' said one of our hty yearsit well, and noithin three or fouron the school? It seems very extraordinary, and I should like to kno it happens'

”'I can answer Dr ----'s question very easily,' said the bland, grave young man 'There is a new president'

”The tranquil assurance of this answer had an effect such as I hardly ever knew produced by the most eloquent sentences I ever heard uttered”

The bland young man's innovations did not seem to do much harm to Harvard, for under his administration, her financial resources have been multiplied by ten, as has the number of her teachers, while the number of her students has been rown into the real head of the educational systees in every departarten to the university It was his idea that coht to be flexible, ought to be made to fit the needs of the pupil The result has been the broad development of the elective system--broader than Josiah Quincy ever dreaed the whole aspect of the teaching profession, resulting in the de in some specialty for every teacher

Dr Eliot, who is in a sense the first living citizen of America, has not attained that position merely by success in his profession He has devoted tiovernment, and has taken an active part in many public movements--the race question, the relations of capital and labor, the movement for universal arbitration He has been honored by France, by Italy, and by japan, and resigned froe of seventy-five, with mental and physical powers in splendid condition, not to retire from active life, but to devote himself even e of commercial domination, a career such as Dr Eliot's is

In the history of the ad personalities are the two Tiht, born in 1752, and graduating froan to teach, and at the outbreak of the Revolution, enlisted as Chaplain in Parson's brigade of the Connecticut line It was at this tis, one of which, ”Columbia,” still lives At the close of the war, he continued preaching and also opened an academy, at which women were admitted to the same courses with men, and which soon acquired considerable reputation In 1795, he was called to the presidency of Yale, a position which he held until his death His ad of a new era in the history of the college At his accession, the college had about one hundred students, and the instructors consisted of the president, one professor and three tutors He established permanent professorshi+ps and chose such men to fill thesley The result of this policy was a steady growth in the number of students, until, at his death, they had increased to over three hundred

Noah Porter, who caraduated fro which ties, was called to the chair of moral philosophy at Yale, and finally elevated to the presidency His asthe introduction of elective studies, though he insisted also upon a required course, as opposed to the Harvard systes were erected during his administration, and at its close the student body numbered nearly eleven hundred

He was succeeded in 1886 by Tiht, who, for many years has been closely associated with the University, its financial growth being largely due to his efforts

Under his rowth of the institution was unprecedented, the nu nearly fifty per cent within five years He was also proeneral educational hout the country, and his ”True Ideal of an American University,” published in 1872, attracted much attention

Princeton has also had its share of e them Jonathan Edwards, John Witherspoon, and James McCosh Jonathan Edwards was one of the most remarkable characters in American history Born in 1703, he was the fifth of eleven children and the only son As a mere child, he developed uncoe of twelve and graduated at the age of seventeen His father was a clergyht up in a household and coan to have ”a variety of concerns and exercises about his soul” It was inevitable, of course, that he should becoe of nineteen, was ordained and began to preach at a small church in New York City Edwards seems to have been afflicted from the first hat is in these days irreverently called an in-growing conscience, and early formulated for himself a set of seventy resolutions of the most exalted nature, which, however praiseworthy in theood for human nature's daily food, and must have made him a most uncomfortable person to live with He developed, however, into a powerful preacher, and his services were ht, especially at revivals One of his serry God,” is said to have created a profound iregation at Northa a number of calls to established parishes, he went as a missionary to the Housatonick Indians, at so shters were forced to labor with the needle to support the faed in this work, that an unexpected call came to him to take the presidency of Princeton

He accepted and was installed as president early in 1758 At once he began a series of refore administration, but an epidehborhood, and Edwards, exposing himself to it fearlessly, contracted the disease and died thirty-four days after his installation

Jonathan Edwards probably came as near to the old idea of a saint as A, stern, of an exalted piety, and intensely religious, he lived in a world of his own, and was regarded with no little awe and treood cannot be doubted, and his sermons are still read, where those of his conteotten

Much more important to Princeton, was John Witherspoon, who cauished career in Scotland, one of the incidents of which was being taken a prisoner while incautiously watching the battle of Falkirk He never wholly recovered froht with hie, and, finding the college treasury e a tour of New England, and even extending his quest as far as Jah his ades and additions which he reat impetus

The service to his adopted country by which Witherspoon will be longest re of the Revolution From the first, he took the side of the colonies, and by precept and exareat body of Presbyterians true to that cause, but also the Scotch and Scotch-Irish, ere naturally Tories by syed ceaselessly the passage of the Declaration of Independence, was one of its signers, and as a uished himself by his services After the close of the war, he returned to Princeton and devoted the remainder of his life to its administration

Greatest of the three as an educator was James McCosh A Scotchow and Edinburgh, a pupil of Thomas Chalmers, he was ordained to thespirit in the movement which culminated in the establishment of the Free Church of Scotland His publications on philosophical subjects brought hiic and e, Belfast, where he ree body of students, and publishi+ng other philosophical works of the first importance In 1868, he was chosen president of Princeton, and his ad for nearly a quarter of a century, was remarkably successful Under hi staff was e enor these years, too, he continued his philosophical work, publishi+ng a series of volumes which are the most noteworthy of their kind ever produced in Areat to dwell upon other educators connected with the great universities: Ira Remsen, and his contributions to chereat work on American fishes; Woodrow Wilson, and his contributions to the study of American history; Jacob Gould Schurman, and his work in the field of ethics;--to mention only a few of them--but there is not space to do so here However, this chapter cannot be closed without some reference to the career of a remarkable woood can hardly be estilish cabinet minister and labor leader, has called her ”the only saint America has produced” Her sainthood is of the modern kind, which devotes itself by practical work to the alleviation of suffering and the uplifting of humanity, as opposed to the old fashi+oned kind of which ere speaking a o in connection with Jonathan Edwards

Graduating at Rockford College, in 1881, Miss Addaht which ie extent, determined her future career, was that of Mile End Road, the most crowded and squalid district of London, where she beheld a dirty and destituteover food unfit to eat This vision of squalor and sin never left her, and the result was the establishment, in 1889, of the Social Settleo For Miss Addams had come to the conclusion that the only way to reach the destitute and despairing was to dwell aht she was has been abundantly proved by the splendid work Hull House has done Its object, as stated in its charter, is ”to provide a center for a higher civic and social life; to institute and maintain educational and philanthropic enterprises, and to investigate and io” All that it has done, and ress, pointing the way for like undertakings elsewhere But most valuable of all has been Miss Addams's personal influence, the inspiration which her life has been to workers everywhere for social betteriven to the world As an example of a useful, devoted and well-rounded life, hers stands unique in America to-day

SUMMARY

AUDUBON, JOHN JAMES Born near New Orleans, May 4, 1780; published ”Birds of Araphy,” 1831-39; ”Quadrupeds of America,” 1846-54; died at New York City, January 27, 1851

AGassIZ, JEAN LOUIS RUDOLPHE Born at Motier, canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, May 28, 1807; professor of natural history at Neuchatel, 1832; studied Aar glacier, 1840-41; cay at Cae Museuy, 1859; travelled in Brazil, 1865-66; around Cape Horn, 1871-72; died at Cae, Massachusetts, December 14, 1873

AGassIZ, ALEXANDER Born at Neuchatel, Switzerland, Deceraduated at Harvard, 1855; developed Lake Superior copper e Museuy, 1874-85; died at sea, March 29, 1910