Part 13 (1/2)

Limestone; height, 4-1/2 inches.

[Sidenote: =70.=]

Androsphinx seated on a plinth. On the head are the combined crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt; in front is a collar, or pectoral; on the crown are traces of red colour. This Sphinx is a pseudo-Egyptian work.--_Acropolis of Camiros._

Limestone; height, 5 inches.

[Sidenote: =71.=]

Androsphinx seated on a plinth. On the head are the crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt.--_Acropolis of Camiros._

Limestone; height, 3-1/2 inches.

[Sidenote: =72.=]

Androsphinx seated on a plinth. From the head falls a ma.s.s of long hair over the back and shoulders; the front of the body is covered with a collar or pectoral; the upper part of the wings is broken off.--_Acropolis of Camiros._

Limestone; height, 5 inches.

[Sidenote: =73.=]

Lion seated on a plinth. The mouth is open; the teeth are shown; about the lips and edge of the mane are traces of red colour.--_Camiros._

Limestone; height, 5-1/4 inches.

[Sidenote: =74.=]

Bird standing on a plinth with wings closed. Head broken off; tail long and spreading.

Height, 3-1/4 inches.

[Sidenote: =75.=]

The Egyptian ram-headed deity, Knef, seated in a chair. He wears a long chiton bound with a girdle, on each side of which a lappet falls as far as the knees; a thick ma.s.s of hair falls from behind each horn on to the breast.--_Lindos, in Rhodes._

Limestone; height, 4 inches.

SCULPTURES FROM XANTHOS.

The following sculptures, Nos. 80-97, are the archaic portion of the collection of sculptures from Xanthos, a town some ten miles from the sea, in the south-west of Lycia. The people of Lycia were a non-h.e.l.lenic race, but the sculptures of Xanthos are distinctly Greek, though not without traces of oriental influence (cf. No. 86). In the most important remains, especially in the Harpy Tomb (No. 94) we find the characteristics of the Ionian School of Asia Minor.

The sculptures of Xanthos were discovered by Mr. (afterwards Sir) Charles Fellows in April, 1838. (Fellows, _A Journal written during an excursion in Asia Minor_, 1838.) The discoverer revisited Xanthos in 1840, made a more minute examination of the remains, and published a further account. (_An Account of Discoveries in Lycia, being a Journal kept during a second excursion in Asia Minor_, 1840-1841, quoted as ”_Lycia_.”) In consequence of this work, a naval expedition, a.s.sisted by Fellows, was employed in Jan., Feb., 1842, to s.h.i.+p the Marbles of Xanthos for transport to England. (Fellows, _The Xanthian Marbles; their acquisition, and transmission to England_, 1843. This was reprinted by Fellows in _Travels and Researches in Asia Minor, more particularly in the Province of Lycia_, 1852, pp. 423-456.) Additional sculptures and casts from Lycia were obtained by a second expedition in 1843. (_Athenaeum_, 1844, pp. 176, 339, 715, 779.) Besides the published material, valuable information may be obtained from the plans and drawings by Mr. George Scharf, who accompanied Fellows as draughtsman in 1840. The originals are preserved in the British Museum, and referred to in this Catalogue as Scharf's Drawings. See also Solly, _Memoirs of W. J. Muller_, 1875; Beecheno, _E. T. Daniell, a Memoir_, 1889, p. 40; and the publication of the Austrian expedition to Lycia, _Reisen in Lykien_, vol. I. ed. by Benndorf and Niemann, 1884; vol. II. by Petersen and von Luschan, 1889.

[Sidenote: =80.=]

Sepulchral chest (soros), adorned with reliefs on the four sides. This tomb was made of a single block of hard coa.r.s.e limestone. It was found by Fellows in its original position, on a stele, which appears to have been about 9 feet high. On the top of the chest there is a rebate to receive the lid, which formed a separate block and has not been found.

The lower part of the block was sawn off by Fellows, to facilitate transport. (_Xanthian Marbles_, p. 34.)

Perrot (vol. v., p. 396) is perhaps right in thinking that this is the oldest of the Xanthian monuments, and represents Lycian sculpture before the Ionian influence had begun to make itself felt.