Part 58 (1/2)

”Accordingly, afternot fewer in return, they eventually drove back the party who had surrounded thean to retire, pursued the them with missiles” V III 3

[Sidenote: titus encamps opposite the Tower of Psephinus]

[Sidenote: Another division opposite the Tower of Hippicus, and the tenth legion upon the Mount of Olives]

”In four days, the interval between his post and the walls having been levelled, titus, anxious to forward in safety the baggage and the followers of the ared the flower of his troops opposite the wall on the northern quarter of the city, and extending towards the west, the phalanx being drawn up seven deep The infantry were disposed in front, and the cavalry in rear, each in three ranks; the archers, who for in thechecked by such an array, the beasts of burthen belonging to the three legions, with the camp followers, passed on in safety titus his from the ramparts, at the corner opposite the tower called Psephinus, where the circuit of the wall, in its advance along the north side, bends with a western aspect The other division of the army was entrenched opposite to the tower nas froion continued to occupy its position on the Mount of Olives, as it is called” V III 5

_Description of the walls of Jerusalem_

”Jerusalem, fortified by three walls--except where it was encompassed by its ile ra the other, on two hills, separated by an intervening valley, at which the rows of houses terminated Of these hills, that on which the upper toas situated is ly, on account of its strength, it was styled the Fortress by king David, the father of Soloinally erected; but by us the Upper Market-place The other, which bears the naibbous form Opposite to this was a third hill, naturally lower than Acra, and formerly severed from it by another broad ravine Afterwards, however, the Asn, filled up the ravine, with the intention of uniting the city to the te the summit of Acra, they reduced its elevation, so that the teht be conspicuous above other objects in this quarter also The Valley of the Cheese-nated, which divided, as we have said, the hill of the upper town from that of the lower, extended as far as Siloam, as we call it, a fountain whose waters are at once sweet and copious On the exterior, the two hills on which the city stood were skirted by deep ravines, so precipitous on either side that the toas nowhere accessible” V IV 1

”Of the three walls, the most ancient, as well from the ravines which surrounded it, as from the hill above thenable But, besides the advantages of its situation, it was also strongly built; David and Solo devoted much attention to the work

[Sidenote: First Wall]

”Beginning on the north at the tower called Hippicus, and extending to as termed the Xystus, it then formed a junction with the council-house, and terminated at the western colonnade of the te at the sah Bethso, as it was styled, to the gate of the Essenes

It then turned, and advanced with a southern aspect above the fountain of Siloa the east, towards Solonated Ophla, it joined the eastern colonnade of the temple

[Sidenote: Second Wall]

[Sidenote: Third Wall]

[Sidenote: King Agrippa co at the gate which they called Gennath, belonging to the first wall It reached to the Antonia, and encircled only the northern quarter of the town The tower Hippicus formed the commencement of the third wall, which stretched from thence towards the northern quarter, as far as the tower Psephinus, and then passing opposite theIzates, and extending through the royal caverns, was inflected at the corner tower near to the spot known by the appellation of the Fuller's To itself with the old wall, terrippa had thrown round the new-built tohich was quite unprotected; for the city, overfloith inhabitants, gradually crept beyond the ra with the city the quarter north of the temple close to the hill, made a considerable advance, insomuch that a fourth hill, which is called Bezetha, was also surrounded with habitations It lay over against the Antonia, from which it was separated by a deep fosse, purposely excavated to cut off the communication between the foundations of the Antonia and the hill, that they ht be at once less easy of access and more elevated Thus the depth of the trench materially increased the altitude of the towers

”The quarter e, Bezetha, which, if translated into the Greek tongue, would be Caenopolis (Nen) Those who resided there requiring defence, the father of the present sovereign, and of the sarippa, co that Claudius Caesar nitude of the structure that he entertained sons of innovation and insurrection, he desisted when he had merely laid the foundations For, indeed, had he coun, the city would have been i and ten broad, fitted into each other in such a manner that they could scarcely have been underines The wall itself was ten cubits in breadth; and it would probably have attained a greater height than it did, had not the enterprising spirit of its founder h the as carried on with ardour by the Jews, it only rose to the height of twenty cubits; while, crowning this, were battlements of two cubits, upon parapets of three cubits in altitude, so that it attained in its entire elevation twenty-five cubits” V IV 2

[Sidenote: Description of the third Wall]

[Sidenote: Ninety towers in the third Wall]

”On this ere erected towers, twenty cubits in breadth, and the saht, square, and solid as the wall itself In the joining and beauty of the stones, they were nowise inferior to the temple Over the solid altitude of the towers, which enty cubits, were suain, upper rooms, and numerous cisterns therein to receive the rain-water, and to each room wide staircases Of such towers the third wall had ninety, disposed at intervals of two hundred cubits

[Sidenote: The middle Wall had fourteen towers, the ancient sixty]

[Sidenote: The Psephinus tower]

”The middle as divided into fourteen towers, and the ancient one into sixty Of the city the entire circuit was thirty-three furlongs

But adhout, still more so was the tower Psephinus, which rose up at the north-west angle, and opposite to which titus encah, it afforded at sunrise a prospect of Arabia, and of the lional in forainst this was the tower Hippicus, and near to it two others, all erected by king Herod in the ancient wall, which in th, exceeded all that the world could produce” V IV

3

[Sidenote: Hippicus' Tower]