Part 258 (1/2)

13 IF, _give, grant, allow_, is froive_”--_Tooke's Diversions_, Vol i, p 111

14 LEST, _that not, dismissed_, is from ”Lesed, the perfect participle of Lesan, _to dismiss_”

15 NEITHER, _not either_, is a union and contraction of _ne either_: our old writers frequently used _ne_ for _not_; the Anglo-Saxons likewise repeated it, using _ne--ne_, in lieu of our corresponsives _neither--nor_; and our raphers still note the word, in some of these senses

16 NOR, _not other, not else_, is supposed to be a union and contraction of _ne or_

17 NOTWITHSTANDING, _not hindering_, is an English compound of obvious formation

18 OR, an alternative conjunction, seereat antiquity It is supposed to be a contraction of _other_, which Johnson and his followers give, in Saxon characters, either as its source, or as its equivalent

19 PROVIDED, the perfect participle of the verb _provide_, beco used alone or with the particle _that_, to introduce a condition, a saving clause, a proviso

20 SAVE, anciently used with some frequency as a conjunction, in the sense of _but_, or except is frolish verb _save_, and is still occasionally turned to such a use by the poets

21 SEEING, sometimes made a copulative conjunction, is the imperfect participle of the verb _see_ Used at the head of a clause, and without reference to an agent, it assumes a conjunctive nature

22 SINCE is conjectured by Tooke to be ”the participle of Seon, _to see_,”

and tothat, seen that_, or _seen as_”--_Diversions of P_, Vol i, pp 111 and 220 But Johnson and others say, it has been formed ”by contraction from _sithence_, or _sith thence_, from _sithe_, Sax”--_Joh Dict_

23 THAN, which introduces the latter terlo-Saxon _thanne_, which was used for the same purpose 24 THAT, when called a conjunction, is said by Tooke to be etyically the same as the adjective or pronoun THAT, the derivation of which is twice spoken of above; but, in Todd's Johnson's Dictionary, as abridged by Chalmers, THAT, the _conjunction_, is referred to ”_thatei_, Gothic;” THAT, the _pronoun_, to ”_that, thata_, Gothic; _thaet_, Saxon; _dat_, Dutch”

25 THEN, used as a conjunction, is doubtless the salo-Saxon _Thenne_, taken as an illative, or word of inference

26 ”THOUGH, _allow_, is [fro, of the verb Thafian or Thafigan, _to allow_”--_Tooke's Diversions_, Vol i, pp 111 and 150

27 ”UNLESS, _except, dismiss_, is [from] Onles, the imperative of Onlesan, _to dismiss_”--_Ib_

28 WHETHER, a corresponsive conjunction, which introduces the first terlo-Saxon _hwaether_, which was used for the same purpose

29 YET, _nevertheless_, is froet_”--_Tooke_

SECTION IX--DERIVATION OF PREPOSITIONS

The following are the principal _English_ Prepositions, explained in the order of the list:--

1 ABOARD,_on board of_, is from the prefix or preposition _a_ and the noun _board_, which here means ”_the deck_ of a shi+p” or vessel

_Abord_, in French, is _approach, arrival_, or a _landing_

2 ABOUT, [Sax Abutan, or Abuton,] _, is fro a _turn_, a _circuit_, or a _trial_ In French, _bout_ means end; and _about, end_, or _but-end_

3 ABOVE, [Sax Abufan, Abufon, A-be-ufan]_over_, or, literally, _at-by-over_, or _at-by-top_, is frolish _a, be_, and _ufa_, or _ufan_, said to h, upwards_, or _the top_”

4 ACROSS, _at cross, athwart, traverse_, is from the prefix _a_ and the word _cross_