Part 182 (1/2)

A Figure of Orthography is an intentional deviation fro of a word The principal figures of Orthography are two; namely, _Mi-me'-sis_ and _Ar'-cha-ism_

EXPLANATIONS

I _Mimesis_ is a ludicrous imitation of some mistake or mispronunciation of a word, in which the error isof one word for another; as, ”_Maister_, says he, have you any _wery_ good _weal_ in you _vallet?_”--_Columbian Orator_, p 292 ”Ay, he was _porn_ at Monmouth, captain Gower”--_Shak_ ”I will _description_ the matter to you, if you be _capacity_ of it”--_Id_

”_Perdigious!_ I can hardly stand”

--LLOYD: _Brit Poets_, Vol viii, p 184

II An _Archaise, and not according to our rene chese of smalle clammynes comfortethe a hotte stomake_”--T PAYNEL: _Tooke's Diversions_, ii, 132 ”He _hath holpen_ his servant Israel”--_Luke_, i, 54

”With hiht_, Bow-bent with _eld_, his beard of snowy hue”--_Beattie_

OBS--Aht include the foreign words or phrases which individual authors now and then adopt in writing English; namely, the _Scotticisms_, the _Gallicisms_, the _Latinisarnish their English style But these, except they stand as foreign quotations, in which case they are exeainst the _purity_ of our language; and it may therefore be sufficient, just toany of theures

SECTION II--FIGURES OF ETYMOLOGY

A Figure of Etyy is an intentional deviation froures of Etyht; namely, _A-phoer'-e-sis, Pros'-the-sis, Syn'-co-pe, A-poc'-o-pe, Par-a-go'-ge, Di-oer'-e-sis, Syn-oer'-e-sis_, and _Tme'-sis_

EXPLANATIONS

I _Aphaeresis_ is the elision of soainst_; _'gan_, for _began_; _'neath_, for _beneath_; _'thout_, for _without_

II _Prosthesis_ is the prefixing of an expletive syllable to a word: as, _a_down, for _down_; _ap_paid, for _paid_; _be_strown, for _strown_; _ev_anished, for _vanished_; _y_clad, for _clad_

III _Syn'cope_ is the elision of some of the middle letters of a word: as, _med'cine_, for __, for _conquering_; _se'nnight_, for _sevennight_

IV _Apoc'ope_ is the elision of soh_; _th'_, for _the_; _t'other_, for _the other_; _thro'_, for _through_

V _Parago'ge_ is the annexing of an expletive syllable to a word: as, _Johnny_, for _John_; _deary_, for _dear_; _withouten_, for _without_

VI _Diaeresis_ is the separating of tels that : as, _cooperate_, not _cooperate_; _aeronaut_, not _aeronaut_; _or'thoepy_, not _orthoepy_

VII _Synaeresis_ is the sinking of two syllables into one: as, _seest_, for _seest_; _tacked_, for _tack-ed_; _drowned_, for _drown-ed_; _spoks't_, for _spok-est_; _show'dst_, for _show-edst_; _'tis_, for _it is_; _I'll_, for _I will_

VIII _T of a word between the parts of a compound, or between tords which should be united if they stood together: as, ”On _which_ side _soever_”--_Rolla_ ”_To_ us _ward_;” ”_To_ God _ward_”--_Bible_ ”The _asseether_”--_Id_ ”With _what_ charms _soe'er_ she will”--_Cowper_ ”So _new_ a _fashi+on'd_ robe”--_Shak_ ”La_”--_Burns_

OBS--In all our pronunciation, except that of the solemn style, such verbal or participial terminations as can be so uttered, are usually sunk by _synaeresis_ intosyllables The terminational consonants, if not uttered with one vowel, must be uttered with an other When, therefore, a vowel is entirely suppressed in pronunciation, (whether retained in writing or not,) the consonants connected with it, necessarily fall into an other syllable: thus, _tried, triest, sued, suest, loved, lovest, mov'd, mov'st_, are uest, argu'dst_, are dissyllables; except in soleenerally retained and ure of Syntax is an intentional deviation froures of Syntax are five; nae_, and _Hy-per'-ba-ton_ EXPLANATIONS

I _Ellipsis_ is the omission of some word or words which are necessary to complete the construction, but not necessary to convey theSuch words are said, in technical phrase, to be _understood_;[477] because they are received as belonging to the sentence, though they are not uttered

Of compound sentences, a vast many are more or less elliptical; and sometimes, for brevity's sake, even the most essential parts of a simple sentence, are suppressed;[478] as, ”But more of this hereafter”--_Harris's Hermes_, p 77 This means, ”But _I shall say_ more of this hereafter”

”Prythee, peace”--_Shak_ That is, ”_I pray_ thee, _hold thou thy_ peace”

There may be an omission of any of the parts of speech, or even of a whole clause, when this repeats what precedes; but the omission of mere articles or interjections can scarcely constitute a proper ellipsis, because these parts of speech, wherever they are really necessary to be recognized, ought to be expressed

EXAMPLES OF ELLIPSIS SUPPLIED