Part 178 (2/2)

II [-] The HYPHEN connects the parts of many compound words, especially such as have two accents; as, _ever-living_ It is also frequently inserted where a word is divided into syllables; as, _con-tem-plate_ Placed at the end of a line, it shows that one or more syllables of a word are can led forward to the next line

III [”] The DIaeRESIS, or DIALYSIS, placed over either of two contiguous vowels, shows that they are not a diphthong; as, _Danae, aerial_

IV ['] The ACUTE ACCENT marks the syllable which requires the principal stress in pronunciation; as, _e'qual, equal'ity_ It is souish a close or short vowel; as, ”_Fancy_:” (_Murray_:) or to denote the rising inflection of the voice; as, ”Is it _he?_”

V [`] The GRAVE ACCENT is used in opposition to the acute, to distinguish an open or long vowel; as, ”_Favour_:” (_Murray_:) or to denote the falling inflection of the voice; as, ”_Yes_; it is _he_” It is sometimes placed over a vowel to show that it is not to be suppressed in pronunciation; as,

”Let h in humble speech, Thy refined maxims teach”--_Aenerally denotes either the broad sound of _a_ or an unusual sound given to some other vowel; as in _all, heir, machine_

Some use it to mark a peculiar _wave_ of the voice, and when occasion requires, reverse it; as, ”If you said _s=o_, then I said _so_”

VII [[~]] The BREVE, or STENOTONE, is used to denote either the close, short, _shut_ sound of a vowel, or a syllable of short quantity; as, _l~ive_, to have life,--_r~av'en_, to devour,[468]--_c~al~am~us_, a reed

VIII [=] The MACRON, or MACROTONE,[469] is used to denote either the open, long, _pri quantity; as, _l=ive_, having life,--_r=a'ven_, a bird,--_=e'qu=ine_, of a horse

IX [----] or [] or [] The ELLIPSIS, or SUPPRESSION, denotes the o; cd_, for _coward; dd_, for _da, shohere to insert words or letters that have been accidentally omitted XI [{}] The BRACE serves to unite a triplet; or,to which they are all related XII [--] The SECTION marks the smaller divisions of a book or chapter; and, with the help of nue references

XIII [--] The PARAGRAPH (chiefly used in the Bible) denotes the commencement of a new subject The parts of discourse which are called paragraphs, are, in general, sufficiently distinguished by beginning a new line, and carrying the first word a little forwards or backwards The paragraphs of books being in some instances numbered, this character raph_, to shorten references

XIV [””] The GUILLEMETS, or QUOTATION POINTS, distinguish words that are exhibited as those of an other author or speaker A quotation within a quotation, is usually le points; which, when both are eain he saith, 'Rejoice, ye Gentiles, with his people'”--_Roenerally inclose son or subject to be explained; as, ”He [Mr Maurice] was of a different opinion”--_Allen's Gram_, p 213

XVI [Fist] The INDEX, or HAND, points out so remarkable, or what the reader should particularly observe

XVII [] The ASTERISK, or STAR, [Dagger] the OBELISK, or DAGGER, [Double dagger] the DIESIS, or DOUBLE DAGGER, and [||] the PARALLELS, refer to inal notes The SECTION also [--], and the PARAGRAPH [--], are often used forusually applied to the fourth, and the latter to the sixth note on a page; for, by the usage of printers, these signs are coer]; 3, [Double dagger]; 4, --; 5, ||; 6, --; 7, ; 8, [Dagger][Dagger]; &c Where many references are to be made, the _sures_, in their order, may be conveniently used for the same purpose

XVIII [[Asterisn not very often used, is placed before a long or general note, toit a particular reference

XIX [,] The CEDILLA is a mark borrowed froive it the sound of _s_, before _a_ or _o_; as in the words, ”facade,” ”Alencon” In Worcester's Dictionary, it is attached to three other letters, to denote their soft sounds: viz, ”[,G]

as J; [,S] as Z; [,x] as gz”

[Fist][Oral exercises in punctuation should not be confined to the correction of errors An application of its principles to points rightly inserted, is as easy a process as that of ordinary syntactical parsing, and perhaps as useful For this purpose, the teacher ra rules and explanations may be applied by the pupil, as reasons for the points that occur]

IMPROPRIETIES FOR CORRECTION

FALSE PUNCTUATION--MIXED EXAMPLES OF ERROR

”The principal stops are the following:--

The Comma (,) the semicolon (;) the colon (:) the period, or fall stop () the note of interrogation (?) the note of exclamation (!) the parenthesis () and the dash (--) []”--_Bullions, E Gram, p 151; Pract Les_, p

127 ”The lish The marks employed, are the _Comation_ (?); _Exclamation_ (!)”--_Bullions, Lat Gra at so fault Custonie, he was in the right; for our vices begin in infancy”--_Ho_, (N Y 1818,) p 54

”A merchant at sea asked the skipper what death his father died? 'My father,' says the skipper, randfather, were all drowned 'Well,' replies thedrowned too?'”--_Ib_, p 135