Part 171 (1/2)
SECTION II--THE SEMICOLON
The Semicolon is used to separate those parts of a compound sentence, which are neither so closely connected as those which are distinguished by the comma, nor so little dependent as those which require the colon
RULE I--COMPLEX MEMBERS
When two or more complex members, or such clauses as require the coenerally separated by the seelic natures, unled felicity forever blooms; joy flows there with a perpetual and abundant stream, nor needs any mound to check its course”--_Carter_ ”When the voice rises, the gesture naturally ascends; and when the voice esture follows it by a corresponding descent; and, in the level and esture see rather in the horizontal direction, withoutits elevation”--_Comstock's Elocution_, p 107
”The wide, the unbounded prospect lies before me; But shadows, clouds, and darkness, rest upon it”--_Addison_
RULE II--SIMPLE MEMBERS
When two or more simple members, or such clauses as complete their sense without subdivision, are constructed into a period; if they require a pause greater than that of the comma, they are usually separated by the semicolon: as, ”Straim upon the surface; but pearls lie at the bottorows old; every thing passes away; every thing disappears”--_Hiley's Gram_, p 115 ”Alexander asked the of Persia could bring into the field; what the Persian govern; how he treated his enemies; ere the most direct ways into Persia”--_Whelpley's Lectures_, p 175
”A longer care er care contractsbands”--_Pope_
RULE III--OF APPOSITION, &C
Words in apposition, in disjunct pairs, or in any other construction, if they require a pause greater than that of the comma, and less than that of the colon, may be separated by the semicolon: as, ”pronouns have three cases; the nominative, the possessive, and the objective”--_Murray's Grae, acknowledgement”--_Butler's Gram_, p 11 ”Do not the eyes discover humility, pride; cruelty, compassion; reflection, dissipation; kindness, resentment?”--_Sheridan's Elocution_, p 159 ”This rule forbids parents to lie to children, and children to parents; instructors to pupils, and pupils to instructors; the old to the young, and the young to the old; attorneys to jurors, and jurors to attorneys; buyers to sellers, and sellers to buyers”--_Wayland's Moral Science_, p 304
”_Make, made; have, had; pay, paid; say, said; leave, left; Dream, dreamt; mean, meant; reave_ and _bereave_ have _reft_”
--_Ward's Gr_, p 66
IMPROPRIETIES FOR CORRECTION
FALSE PUNCTUATION--ERRORS CONCERNING THE SEMICOLON
UNDER RULE I--OF COMPLEX MEMBERS
”The buds spread into leaves, and the blossorow, nor who causes the up from the bosom of the earth”--_Day's E Gr_, p 72
[FORMULE--Not proper, because the two chief members which compose this period, are separated only by the co to Rule 1st for the Semicolon, ”When two or more complex members, or such clauses as require the coenerally separated by the semicolon” Therefore, the pause after ”_fruit_” should be marked by a seainst Philip, king of Macedon, and, in several orations, he stirred up the Athenians to ainst him”--_Bullions, E Gram_, p 84 ”For the sake of euphony, the _n_ is dropped before a consonant, and because in with a consonant, this of course is its more common form'”--_Ib_, p 192 ”But if I say 'Will _a_ man be able to carry this burden?' it is ed, the reference is not to nuht be 'No; but a horse will'”--_Ib_, p 193 ”In direct discourse, a noun used by a speaker or writer to designate hinate the person addressed, it is said to be of the _second_ person, and when used to designate a person or thing spoken of, it is said to be of the _third_ person”--_Ib_, p 195
”Vice stings us, even in our pleasures, but virtue consoles us, even in our pains”--_Day's Grah in a prince, and virtue honorable though in a peasant”--_Ib_, p 72 ”Every word that is the na, is a _Noun_, because 'A noun is the na'”--_Bullions, Pract Les_, p 83
”This is the sword, hich he did the deed, And that the shi+eld by which he was defended”--_Bucke's Gram_, p 56
UNDER RULE II--OF SIMPLE MEMBERS
”A deathlike paleness was diffused over his countenancee [sic--KTH], a chilling terror convulsed his frame; his voice burst out at intervals into broken accents”--_Principles of Eloquence_, p 73
[FORMULE--Not proper, because the first pause in this sentence is notto Rule 2d for the Semicolon, ”When two or more simple members, or such clauses as complete their sense without subdivision, are constructed into a period; if they require a pause greater than that of the comma, they are usually separated by the semicolon” Therefore, the coed to a semicolon]
”The Lacedemonians never traded--they knew no luxury--they lived in houses built of rough materials--they lived at public tables--fed on black broth, and despised every thing effeminate or luxurious”--_Whelpley's Lectures_, p 167 ”Governent Society is the principal”--_Wayland's Moral Science_, 1st Ed, p 377 ”The essentials of speech were anciently supposed to be sufficiently designated by the _Noun_ and the _Verb_, to which was subsequently added, the _Conjunction_”--_Bullions, E Graht in its mind are but the reflections from the parents' own intellect,--the first ious parental fountain,--the first aspirations of soul are but the wars of the parental spirit”--_Jocelyn's Prize Essay_, p 4 ”_Older_ and _oldest_ refer to ht by birth
_Farther_ and _farthest_ denote place or distance: _Further_ and _furthest_, quantity or addition”--_Bullions, E Gram_, p 148 ”Let the divisions be _natural_, such as obviously suggest then, and be easily remembered”--_Goldsbury's Manual of Gram_, p 91
”Gently make haste, of labour not afraid: A hundred times consider what you've said”--_Dryden's Art of Poetry_